Politická ekonomie 2015, 63(5):603-623 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1015

Netradičná menová politika a kvantitatívne uvolňovanie Centrálnej banky Japonska v rokoch 2001-2006

Miroslav Titze
Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze.

Unconvenional Monetary Policy and Quantitative Easing in Japan 2001-2006

The paper explains wider economic, financial and macroeconomic context of the unconventional monetary policy during 2001-2006 in Japan. The objective of the article is complex discussion of Bank of Japan's unconventional monetary policy measures from theoretical and practical point of view. The structure of the papers is following: the fi rst part reveals macroeconomic condition behind unconventional monetary policy, the second part describes changes in monetary policy implementation, focuses also on commercial assets purchasing and describes exit strategy as well. The last part of the paper evaluates unconventional monetary policy impacts. Bank of Japan achieved accommodative financial condition and reduced uncertainty in the money market. Large liquidity buffer works preventive in case of unexpected liquidity shocks. Excess ample liquidity did not support prices and real economic activity considering broader deleveraging process and corporate markets fragmentation. Entry and exits strategy was successful without financial markets disruption but exit was not complete. Finally, the paper can conclude, that unconventional monetary policy had positive stabilization effect without significant transmission to the real economy.

Keywords: quantitative easing, Bank of Japan, money market operations, balance sheet recession, reserve targeting
JEL classification: E40, E43, E50, E58

Published: September 1, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Titze, M. (2015). Unconvenional Monetary Policy and Quantitative Easing in Japan 2001-2006. Politická ekonomie63(5), 603-623. doi: 10.18267/j.polek.1015
Download citation

References

  1. BABA, N. et al. 2005). Japan´s deflation, Problems in the financial system and Monetary policy. Monetary and economic studies. February 2005,, Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 47-112.
  2. BABA, N.; NISHIOKA, S. 2004. Negative interest rates under the quantitative monetary policy, [Bank of Japan WP series No. 04-E-8], July 2004.
  3. BERNANKE, B. 2009. The crisis and the policy response, Speech at the Stamp Lecture, London School of Economics, January 13, 2009.
  4. BERNANKE, B.; REINHART, V.; SACK, B. 2004. Monetary Policy Alternatives at the Zero Bound: An Empirical Assessment. Brooking Papers on Economic Activity. 2004, No. 2, pp. 1-100. doi 10.1353/eca.2005.0002. Go to original source...
  5. BLENCK, D.; HASKO, H.; HILTON, S.; MASAKI, K. 2009. The main features of the monetary policy frameworks of the Bank of Japan, the Federal Reserve and the Eurosystem, BIS papers No. 9, Conference on the operational framework of the Eurosystem held at the ECB, May 2000.
  6. BOJ. 2011. Market operations. In: Function and operations of the Bank of Japan. IMES - BoJ, 2011, 105-144 pp.
  7. BORDO, M.; LANE, L.; REDISH, A. 2004. Good vs. bad deflation: Lessons from the gold standard era, [NBER WP No. 10329], February 2004. Go to original source...
  8. CARGILL, T. F.; HUTCHINSON, M.; ITO, T. 2000. Financial policy and Central banking in Japan. M.I.T. Press, 2001. Go to original source...
  9. FUKUI, M. 2006. New framework for the conduct of monetary policy - toward achieving sustainable economic growth with price stability. Speech to the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Tokyo, 16 March 2006. Go to original source...
  10. GAGNON, J.; CHABOUD, A. 2007. What Can the Data Tell Us about Carry Trades in Japanese Yen? International finance discussion papers no. 899, Board of Governors of the Federal reserve system, July 2007. Go to original source...
  11. GERTLER, M.; GILCHRIST, S. 1991. Monetary Policy, Business Cycles and the Behavior of Small Manufacturing Firms, [NBER WP 3892], November 1991. Go to original source...
  12. ITO, T. 2005. Interventions and Japanese Economic Recovery. International Economics and Economic Policy. 2005, Vol. 2, No. 2-3, pp. 219-239. Go to original source...
  13. INABA, N.; KOZU, T.; SEKINE, T.; NAGAHATA, T. 2005. Non-performing loans and the real economy: Japan's experience, BIS paper No. 22, 7. April 2005.
  14. JORGENSON, D. W.; MOTOHASHI, K. 2005. Information Technology and the Japanese Economy. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies. 2005, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 460-481. Go to original source...
  15. JOYCE, M.; MILES, D.; SCOTT, A.; VAYANOS, D. 2012. Quantitative easing and unconventional monetary policy - an introduction. The Economic Journal. 2012, Vol. 122, No. 564, pp. 271-288. Go to original source...
  16. KEYNES, J. M. 1936. The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers, 2006. 400 s. ISBN 8126905913.
  17. KIYOTAKI, N.; MOORE, J. 2002. Balance sheet contagion. The American Economic Review. 2002, Vol. 92, No. 2, pp. 46-50. Go to original source...
  18. KOO, R. 2008. The holy grail of macroeconomics: Lessons from Japan´s Great recession. Wiley (Asia) Pte. Ltd., 2008, 256 s. ISBN 974-0470-82387-3.
  19. KOO, R. C. 2011. The world in balance sheet recession: causes, cure, and politics. Real-world economics review. 2011, Vol. 12, No. 58, pp. 19-37.
  20. KRUGMAN, P. 1998. It´s back: Japan´s slump and the return of the liquidity trap. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 1998, No. 2, pp. 137-205. Go to original source...
  21. KRUGMAN, P. 2000. Thinking about the liquidity trap. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies. 2000, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 221-237. Go to original source...
  22. MAEDA, E.; FUJIWARA, B.; MINESHIMA, A.; TANIGUSCHI, K. 2005. Japan´s open market operations under the Quantitative easing, [Bank of Japan WP series No. 05-E-3], April 2005.
  23. McCALLUM, B. T. 2000. Theoretical Analysis Regarding a Zero Lower Bound on Nominal Interest Rates, [NBER WP no. 7677], April 2000. Go to original source...
  24. MOTOHASHI, K. 2003. Firm level analysis of information network use and productivity in Japan, RIETI Discussion Paper Series 03-E-021, 2003.
  25. MUTO, T. 2003. What have we learned from "unconventional" market operations, Speech on the occasion of a meeting with participants in market operations, Tokyo, 23 July 2003.
  26. NASAKO, H. 2001. The financial crisis in Japan during the 1990s: how the Bank of Japan responded and the lessons learnt. BIS Papers. 2001, No. 6.
  27. NASAKO, H. 2014b. What the lost decades left for the future. Keynote Speech at the 2014 International Conference Held by the International Association of Deposit Insurers, Asia-Pacific Regional Committee, April 23, 2014.
  28. ODA N.; UEDA, K. 2005. The effect of the Bank of Japan´s zero interest rate commitment and quantitative monetary easing on the yield curve: A Macro-Finance approach, [Bank of Japan WP No. 05-E-6], April 2005. Go to original source...
  29. OKINA, K., SHIRAKAWA, M., SHIRATSUKA, S. 2001. The asset price bubble and Monetary policy: Japan´s experience in the late 1980s and the lessons. Monetary and Economic Studies. 2001 (Special Edition), Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 395-450.
  30. ORPHANIDES, A.; WIELAND, V. 2000. Efficient Monetary Policy Design near Price Stability. Journal of the Japanese and International Economies. 2000, Vol. 14, No. 4, pp. 327-365. Go to original source...
  31. RIXTEL, A. 2009. The Exit from Quantitative Easing (QE): The Japanese Experience. Prepared for the Symposium on Building the Financial System of the 21st Century: An Agenda for Japan and the United States, Harvard Law School, October 2009.
  32. SHIRAI, S. 2013. Japan´s monetary policy in a challenging environment. Speeches at the Bank of Italy and at the Eurasia Business and Economics Society Conference, Rome, 11-12 January 2013.
  33. SHIRATSUKA, S. 2010. Size and composition of the Central bank balance sheet: Revisiting Japan´s experience of the quantitative easing policy. Monetary and Economic Studies. 2010, Vol. 28, pp. 79-106. Go to original source...
  34. SLANÝ, M.; SUDO, K. 2006. The causes of deflation and some selected problems in japanese economy. Národohospodářský obzor. 2006, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 48-62.
  35. SVENSSON, L. O. 2001. The Zero Bound in an Open-Economy: A Foolproof Way of Escaping from a Liquidity Trap. Monetary and Economic Studies. 2001 (Special Edition), Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 277-322.
  36. UGAI, H. 2007. Effects of the Quantitative easing policy: A survey of empirical analysis. Monetary and Economic Studies. 2007, Vol.25, No.1, pp. 1-48.
  37. YAMAOKA, H.; SYED, M. 2010. Managing the Exit: Lessons from Japan´s reversal of unconventional monetary policy, [IMF WP10/114], May 2010.
  38. YOSHIKAWA, H. 2002. Japan´s lost decade. Tokyo: The international house of Japan/LTCB International Library.
  39. CABINET OFFICE (CAO), http://www.cao.go.jp/index-e.html
  40. OECD, http://www.oecd.org/
  41. JAPAN MINISTRY OF FINANCE (MOF), http://www.mof.go.jp/english/
  42. BANK OF JAPAN (BOJ), http://www.boj.or.jp/en/
  43. DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION (DIC), http://www.dic.go.jp/english/
  44. STATISTICS BUREAU OF JAPAN (NSB), http://www.stat.go.jp/english/
  45. INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND (IMF), http://www.imf.org/external/index.htm
  46. UNCONVENTIONAL MONETARY POLICY AND QUANTITATIVE EASING

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.