Politická ekonomie, 2010 (vol. 58), issue 2

Konkurenceschopnost obchodu ČR v procesu globalizace

Competitiveness of the Trade of the Czech Republic in the Process of Globalisation

Marek Rojíček

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):147-165 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.724  

Economic globalisation can be defined as growing interdependence of financial and goods and services markets in the international scale. The important part of globalisation form supranational corporations, which are reaction on the rising competitiveness and need for strategic alliances. The more open is the economy, the more important are the effects of globalisation on the goods and capital flows. This is the case of the Czech Republic, which is vitally dependent on the successful export performance. The export performance is relatively specialized concerning its product and territorial structure. In the period after EU accession the intensity of...

Regionální ekonomická konvergence, divergence a další aspekty distribuční dynamiky evropských regionů v období 1992-2006

Regional Convergence, Divergence and Other Aspects of Distributional Dynamics of European Regions in the Period 1992-2006

Josef Novotný

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):166-185 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.725  

The paper provides an exploratory analysis of regional dynamics among 264 NUTS2 EU-27 regions over the period 1992-2006. Seven different regional indicators are analyzed including wages, household expenditures, retail sales, investments, productivity, GDP, and GDP adjusted for international purchasing power differences. Several aspects of regional dynamics are studied such as convergence, polarization, role of international component, overall mobility, and individual mobility of Czech regions. Different methods are employed including some traditional techniques such as Gini coefficient, Theil decomposition, or kernel density estimates but also more...

Analýza vývoje mezd v ČR v letech 1995-2008

The Trend of Income Distributions in Czech Republic in the Years 1995-2008 Analysis

Luboš Marek

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):186-206 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.726  

This article describes the trend of income distributions in Czech Republic over the years 1995-2008. There is not social economy study on the topic incomes. We analyze time series of incomes over these years. The income distributions and their trends are analyzed over all Czech Republic, next depending on sex and age (we work with three age groups - under 30 years, 30-50 years and over 50 years). For the better comparison in each category we published the common characteristics of location and variability and their trend over time. The trend of incomes in CR is increasing linear over time in accordance to sex and to age, too. As suitable characteristic...

Vplyv rôznych foriem vlastníctva na efektivitu českých a slovenských bánk: prístup analýzy stochastických hraníc

Influence of Different Ownership Forms on Efficiency of Czech and Slovak Banks: Stochastic Frontier Approach

Jozef Baruník, Branislav Soták

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):207-224 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.727  

The paper presents empirical analysis of influence of different ownership forms on efficiency of Czech and Slovak banks using the Stochastic Frontier Analysis. The paper brings new results as it uses set of data which has not been used previously in the literature. On the set of 44 Czech and 21 Slovak banks in the 1996 - 2005 period we show, that the stochastic specification of cost frontier is justified method for the data. Our main findings are that the structural influences are significant for both countries. Foreign-owned banks are bit more cost efficient than domestic private banks, state-owned banks are significantly less cost efficient when...

Udržitelnost vývoje cen bytů v České republice

The Sustainability of House Price Trends in the Czech Republic

Martin Lux, Petr Sunega

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):225-252 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.728  

On the background of current global mortgage crisis the article discusses the housing market theory and particularly the methods and indicators used for the evaluation of long-term sustainability of house price trends. The authors provide the time series of such indicators for selected OECD countries, critically examine the past research studies evaluating pre-crisis house price development and argue that house price falls present in many developed countries are more the causes than the consequences of mortgage crisis. The change in house price trends in 2007 in many developed countries could be thus interpreted as the result of the previous record...

Systémy účetnictví a evidence daňových příjmů vládních institucí

The System of Accounting for Government Tax Revenues

Zdeněk Hrdlička, Jana Ištvánfyová, Leoš Vítek

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):253-270 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.729  

Government systems of accounting are in the EU - as well as in other developed countries - based on the GFS (national) reporting systems and a cash reporting. The presented paper aims to describe main systems of reporting tax revenues, analyse problem areas within tax accrualisation and review international and Czech approaches and experiences. Based on the experiences from the Czech Republic's and international environment, it is pointed out at some disputable features of accrualisation from the perspective of the simplicity of reporting and its transparency. Following the initial overview, the paper deals with a description of various approaches...

Ohlédnutí za reformami, ohlédnutí za konferencí dvacet let finančních a bankovních reforem v České republice

Vladimír Tomšík

Politická ekonomie 2010, 58(2):271-277 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.730