Politická ekonomie, 1998 (vol. 46), issue 3
Articles
Česká ekonomika v roce 1998: možnosti a rizika
Czech economy in 1998: risks and challenges
Kamil Janáček, Martin Čihák, Marie Frýdmanová, Tomáš Holub, Eva Zamrazilová
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.229
Characteristics for 1997 was a significant slowdown of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth: within the first three-quarters, GDP grew by 1.1 %, and our estimate for the whole year is 1.4 %. At the same time 1997 was a turning year with respect to some components of Gross Domestic Product. The growth rate of household consumption decreased substantially (by almost one half). After three years of very dynamic, double-digit growth of gross fixed capital formation, in 1997 investment in fixed capital was falling (a decrease of almost 5%). Government consumption practically stagnated. Growing exports were among the main components of GDP growth, especially...
Občan a stát: reforma systému sociálního zabezpečení
The citizen and the state: reform of the welfare system
János Kornai
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.230
The topic of paper covers not only Hungary and the others post-socialist countries but even the countries of Western Europe. The discussion is about the Hungarian reform which is a vivid example of support of an general relationship between citizen and state. The introduction is dealing with a role of state in Hungarian society, which arises from surveys of public opinion. Consequently there are stated fifth basic principles, which a social reform should have. The conclusion describes a possible application of these principles on pension system reform with impact of reform on different social and age classes.
Organizační a institucionální aspekty transformace ekonomiky ČR
Organizational and institutional aspects of economic transformation in the CR
Josef Lašek
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.231
The organisation structure of the Czech Republic economy strongly changed during transformation. The vertical and horizontal restructure have passed, the legal form changed and etc. The paper deals mainly with size of industry enterprises. The introduction of paper is focusing on enterprise sizes in the Czech Republic, measured by the number of employees. Consequently there is focuse on the institutional aspects of transformation, in connection with privatisation strategy, and sequential creation of formal and non-formal institutional pattern. The existing economic problems in the Czech Republic are seen as a result of underestimation of formal institutions.
Strukturální politika - trh nebo státní zásahy
Structural policy - market of state intervention
Anna Kadeřábková
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.232
The paper focuses on the role of economic policy in a setting up and reinforcing of competitiveness and support of smooth adaptation of structural changes in a last decade. The text firstly deals with a discussion about choice, between market and state intervention in comparison with alternative interpretations of south-Asia economic miracle. There are presented the basic types of market failures, mainly their impact on allocation and dynamics efficiency and equality of distribution.
Ceny průmyslových výrobců a vývoj inflace v ČR
The prices of industrial producers and inflation development in the CR
Tomáš Holub
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.233
The development of industrial producer prices is commonly observed as one of the important leading indicators of consumer price inflation. Nevertheless, there was no apparent relationship between total inflation and producer prices in the Czech Republic from 1993 to 1997. This paper is an attempt to find a possible explanation of the above mentioned paradox using statistical and econometric analyses. The main idea is that the prices of industrial producers do not have a straightforward relationship to the development of prices in the entire consumer goods basket, but only to its particular subset. Indeed, the performed correlation and regression analyses...
Ekonomická teorie regulace a konkurence v energetických sítích
Economic theory of regulation and competition in energy networks
Libor Dušek
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.234
The first part of text resumes opinions of economists, who critised the theory of natural monopoly and optimal regulation. The second part is dedicated to the most important problem of regulation, e.g. the motivation failure. The third part shows relevancy of these critiques for regulation in Czech Republic. The fourth part explains a mechanism according to the free market could work and chapters fifth an sixth discussing advantages and disadvantages of different models and ways of allocation.
Vyjádření užitku přírodního statku metodou podmíněného hodnocení: případ snížení rizika záplav
Contingent valuation analysis: benefit from risk reduction of floods
Petr Šauer, Antonín Dvořák, Stanislava Mildeová, Jaroslava Mokrišová
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.235
The solutions of ecological problems produced by human's activity claims for allocation of great volume of money. For the decision process it is necessary to evaluate a merits and costs associated with solution. The text deals with the problems of frequent floods in Frýdlant area, which are caused by facial colliery. The goal of paper is verifying whether the money dedicated to prevention against floods is increasing utility of economic subjects or not.
Consultations
Ordo-liberalismus a hospodářská politika
Ordoliberalism and economic policy
Václav Klusoň
Politická ekonomie 1998, 46(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.236
The task of transformation from a central planning economy to a free market is not a new objective of economic policy. The German economist faced a similar problem after the World War II. They wanted to change the Nazis economy to a free peaceful market. The point of text is to provide the reader with a bases for thinking about ordo-liberalism and about the possible relevance of it for post-transformation period in the Czech Republic.