Politická ekonomie, 2013 (vol. 61), issue 5

Articles

Kontroverzní pojem národní konkurenceschopnost a výsledky zemí V-4 v mezinárodních žebříčcích konkurenceschopnosti 2007-2012

The Controversial Concept of National Competitiveness and the Results of the Visegrad Group in International Rankings of Competitiveness (2007-2012)

Marta Nečadová, Jindřich Soukup

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):583-604 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.918

The first objective of this paper is to identify the differences between microeconomic and macroeconomic concepts of competitiveness. The second objective is to explain why the concept of national competitiveness is controversial and why the obsession with competitiveness has adverse impacts on the allocation of resources and the choice of economic policies. The third goal is to describe and evaluate the methodology of the best known international rankings of competitiveness (World Competitiveness Yearbook and The Global Competitiveness Report). In the fourth section of this paper we use data published in this rankings to analyse changes in competitiveness...

Analýza státních dluhopisů jako indikátoru pro akciový trh

Analysis of Government Bonds as an Indicator for Stock Market

Marika Křepelová, Josef Jablonský

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):605-622 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.919

The paper analyzes 10-year government bond and stock index of the Czech Republic and the United States in period from January 2002 to February 2012. Main purpose of the paper is to show connection between bond and stock market and verify whether bonds can be taken as stock indicators. A detailed study of fi nancial time series of both countries is performed. Different stages of each financial time series which is called bear, normal and bull state are presented. The conclusion is that all three stages have different means return and they are in accordance with financial theory. For the division of time series into each state Markov-Switching model is used.

Interakce zdanění, vládních výdajů a ekonomického růstu: panelový VAR model pro země OECD

Interaction of Taxation, Government Expenditure and Economic Growth: Panel VAR Model for OECD Countries

Zuzana Machová, Igor Kotlán

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):623-638 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.920

The article is focused on the mutual relationship among effective tax burden, size of government spending and economic growth. Its aim is to verify the effect of taxation and government spending on economic growth, but also to verify the effect of taxation and economic growth on the size of government spending. The analysis is methodologically based on a panel VAR model where taxation is approximated by standard Tax Quota as well as an alternative World Tax Index (WTI), which was compiled by the authors. The data cover the period of 2005 - 2010 for the OECD countries. The results of empirical analyzes show that economic growth is positively influenced...

Produkční mezera jako indikátor inflace - případ pro českou ekonomiku

Output Gap as Indicator of Inflation - Case for Czech Economy

Dana Kloudová

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):639-652 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.921

It is generally accepted, that output gap belongs to the main indicators of inflationary pressures and is often used by central banks when executing monetary policy. When output gap is positive, there are inflationary pressures in economy and inflation will rise. In case, that there is negative output gap in economy, inflation will decline. The aim of this paper is to find whether there is relationship between these two variables for Czech economy. To find the answer, two gap models following Coe, McDermott (1997) and Claus (2000a) will be used - with level of the output gap and change in the output gap. All tests confirm, that central bank should...

Vliv informačních a komunikačních technologií na produktivitu práce a souhrnnou produktivitu faktorů v České republice

The Influence of Information and Communication Technologies on Labour Productivity and Total Factor Productivity in the Czech Republic

Jakub Fischer, Kristýna Vltavská, Petr Doucek, Jana Hančlová

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):653-674 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.922

The article is devoted to the analysis of the impact of information and communication technologies (ICT) on labour productivity and total factor productivity in the Czech Republic focusing on the period between the years 1995 and 2011. The authors follow the international methodology adapted to the availability of a reliable dataset, and divide the ICT sector in the ICT manufacturing, ICT services and ICT-using sectors. The issue of the quality of data sources and individual indicators entering the analysis is discussed in detail. While in the period between the years 1995 and 2003 the influence of ICT services prevails in the period 2003 and 2011...

Ekonomické dopady implementace ICT ve veřejné správě: důkazy z České republiky

Economic Impacts of ICT Implementation in Public Administration: Evidence from the Czech Republic

Tomáš Lechner

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):675-690 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.923

The paper deals with an analysis of economic impacts of ICT implementation within the public administration, which is called e-Government. The current situation in the Czech Republic is discussed using data about particular implemented tools, such as the contact points of public administration, data mailboxes or basic registries of public administration and more. In the paper there are evaluated impacts of these projects not only on public administration and public sector, but on the overall economic environment of the state including discussion of the rate of bureaucratic burden, transparency of the legal system or cyberspace security. In spite of...

Consultations

Ekonomie náboženství a její relevance pro ekonomy ve střední Evropě

Economics of Religion and its Relevance for Economists in Central Europe

Pavol Minárik

Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(5):691-704 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.924

This paper introduces possibilities for applying the economics of religion in Central European context. It reviews economic literature on religion, both the modern tradition of economic analysis of religious behavior and the Weberian tradition of analyzing consequences of religion for economy. Two local applications are used for illustration. The first one is an analysis of religious participation in post-communist countries; the second one is an examination of the role of religion in the post-communist transition. Changes in religious participation can be interpreted, among other models, using a model of individual time allocation. This model provides...

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