Požadavky v životním cyklu vývoje softwaru

Software requirements are an integral part of the processes of development and maintenance of information systems. Working with requirements is not an easy thing and their poor understanding and incorrect implementation may adversely affect the project. Dissatisfaction arises at the both sides of project because customers do not get what they have wanted and development team does worthless and unnecessary work from their point of view. Problems with requirements and with setting up the right processes to deal with them are the area of Requirements Management. Over the years there was defined a few best practices within this scope. This thesis describes some basic techniques, methods and rules. There is also a requirements splitting into five types. For each type of requirements there are described their specifics, including the typical problems that arise in their context. There are several methodologies of development and maintenance of information systems. Each of them adapts the requirements and processes of their elaboration a little bit differently. This depends on the basis of the methodologies. There are free methodologies described in this thesis. The Rational Unified Process is chosen as delegate of classic ones. Scrum and Feature Driven Development stands for agile methodologies. For each methodology there are first briefly outlined its basics and then described the roles, artifacts and processes in the context of the requirements.