Energetická politika EU z pohledu liberalizace trhu plynu a elektřiny v kontextu směrnic Evropské komise

The aim of the labor is to review the difference of development in energy politics of each EU Member state, the different development of power and gas production and consumption. Between the aims of this dissertation thesis belongs checking of the power and gas market, detection of weak and strong sites, comparison of association with insufficient production capacities and problems with import of gas from the states outside of EU. The main objective is to describe some important aspects of the co-operation with Russia as a strong partner of today and into the future regarding the gas supplies to EU. Another objective is an answer to a question what does mean liberalization and which influence it has on the energy politics of EU in context of EK Directive with respect to solving of problems with shortage of power, price increase and insufficient investment into the new recourses of energy and cross-border capacities, also the unsatisfactory co-operation between the states of EU in this problem. The future of the European energetic originally set if possible on the highest autonomy of delivery strikes against the problem of fossil fuel recourses decreasing. At the same time the world recourses of a crude oil are decreasing and their rest is estimated for the next 60 years. Considering this situation is the change of the prime fuel recourses structure for Europe unavoidable and actual. It is necessary to count on that the import European independence in the next 50 years will increase rapidly and the import of fuels will be absolutely dominative. The package of solutions which could help to overcome the future crisis is not big enough. The market liberalization with energy recourses of EU should make possible the access and competitive business to the smaller companies on this market and provide the similar market conditions which have oligopolies. In case of EU Member states there is necessary an energy solidarity that is just often discussed. The basic problem is that there should exist the common policy not only of energy but foreign affairs as well. The real progress won't be achieved if we don't accept the clear rules of behavior in energetic by each Government of the EU Member states. The solution I can see in case that we have a Constitution to enable unity in foreign and energy policy, so that reliability, security and stability of power and gas supplies would be sure. In my opinion making of the common energy policy will take a big engagement of all EU Member states and some more time.