Význam voleb a nastavení volebního systému při změně režimu v zemích střední Evropy

The bachelor thesis deals with processes of transition to a democracy and related formation of electoral systems during or after the collapse of authoritarian regimes in Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Poland. The aim is to analyze events connected with the collapse of regime and to explain the influence and the importance of electoral system selection, which helped with the creating and preservation of democracy in these countries. The first chapter deals with electoral systems. The second chapter analyzes processes of transition to democracy. The third chapter deals with specific case studies on individual countries compared. From the point of view of the new democratic regime establishment, each of the country in question went through the different mode of transition to a democracy. In each country the role of elites was different -- their importance was emphasized in Hungary, on the other hand the elite of the previous regime in Czechoslovakia were suppressed thanks to the social support to a new democratic opposition. In Poland they tried to find the calm solution of the situation, they wanted as much power as possible (which they were deprived of by the opposition very quickly).The electoral systems for the support of transition process to democracy were also different, the transformation however was without bigger problems in each of the three countries. The importance of electoral processes related especially to the restoration and revival of party system, which proved to be a basic stone of political system in the democratic countries.