Klimatické změny a jejich politické důsledky

A term of the Climate Change, often related to a term of the global warming -- from an ori-ginally quite technical phenomenon has change during the second half of the last century onto one of the most serious problems the mankind faces in the beginning of the 21st century. The 1st part of the work, after defining basic terms in the opening, is focused onto brief review of results of climatology and related scientific fields research. The work compares characteris-tics and development of the Earth climate in the ancient history to the era since the Industrial revolution till present. Using many facts it documents, why contemporary climatology unam-biguously connects the climate change mainly with human activities. The work presents conclusions and scenarios of the further development, conceived by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the most respected international body of climatologists. It concerns also an existence of its opponents. The 2nd part the work is focused on connections and consequences of the Climate Change on the Earth biosphere, it concerns caused changes on dry lands and oceans and especially impacts on the human society, its social, economic and political relations. The 3rd part of the work is more detailed on the main players of the con-temporary world that represent the determinative and active factors - EU, USA, China and India. It defines approach of political leadership of the countries and unions to the Climate Change and it presents governmental programmes on mitigation of negative influences of the economies on the climate. This concerns primarily mitigation of greenhose gases, especially CO2 emissions. The conclusion shows the climate change into wider context with the contem-porary deep crisis of the human society and the whole biosphere, caused by humans and their activities.