The Dwarf Leader of Arab Countries. Material and semi-material conditions influencing foreign policy of Qatar

Until the end of the twentieth century, Qatar was known to be unknown. Its geographical position predestined the small emirate to hide in the shadows or regional powerhouses -- Saudi Arabia and Iran. However the immense wealth of natural gas and massive introduction of LNG production to the world market has turned Qatar into a country with the world's highest GDP per capita. This thesis analyses the role that natural gas is playing in the country's foreign policy, security and development. A duly part of the thesis is devoted to the three major theories of international relations, neo-realism, neo-liberalism and constructivism. Further the thesis formulates theoretical approaches of energy security and its influence on the foreign policy. All Qatar's political and economic ambitions have been fulfilled due to its natural wealth. Almost limitless financial resources allowed Qatar to use all aspects of the soft power concept. Iconic Al Jazeera satellite channel, spectacular sporting events, important international conferences, and "trophy" investments of its sovereign wealth fund have asserted Qatar's role as a major regional player. Qatar built its reputation as a skilful mediator in a volatile Middle Eastern and North Africa region. However, the thesis argues that it has been a strong alliance with the USA as a security guarantor that enables Qatar to project its foreign policy ambitions during the so-called "Arab Spring". Nevertheless, the natural wealth has permitted Qatar to cultivate its relations with important world powers and to build a network of countries that regard it either as a valuable investor or supplier of hydrocarbons. However, its activist foreign policy and massive material support of Islamic political current has created additional challenges and raised questions about Qatar's intentions and abilities. Qatar's foreign policy under the new young Emir Qatar has to regain its credibility as reliable and helpful partner.