Omezená racionalita subjektů a její vliv na ekonomický vývoj

This diploma thesis is focused on the assumption of rationality of subjects in economic theory. This assumption is at first described in the historical context from the perspective of individual economic schools. Then the thesis focuses on the concept of rationality from a broader perspective and outlines the important concepts of rationality beyond economics. After the section aimed at describing different ways of behaviors, that do not support the assumption of rationality, the attention is focused on the influence of (ir) rational behavior on economic development. The identification of individual ways of behavior is seen from the individual point of view but also from the global point of view. The financial crisis escalating in 2008 gives examples of the psychological factors that had influenced the development of the crisis. Although these factors had not been much emphasized, it was shown that the mentioned factors (or behavioral economics approaches in general) should be included in economic theory and analysis.