Mobilita pracovní síly v Evropské unii v letech 2012-2019

This work focuses on and provides an insight into the issue of migration and related labor mobility within the European Union in 2012-2019. The topic is viewed from 3 angles – comprehensively on long-term migration flows throughout Europe, short-term migration within the Oberrhein region and from the perspective of individuals with a focus on their motives and willingness to commute to work on the example of the Czech-German border. The theoretical part contains the basic concepts of migration and their division, the basic theories of migration are also mentioned, which outline possible motivational elements explaining migration. Furthermore, the theoretical part describes the functioning of the labor market and, last but not least, the European Union's approach to migration, and also mentions the bodies that currently provide migration services. The practical part provides data and results of analysis, comparison and questionnaire survey. The analysis reveals a growing trend of immigration to the European Union together with a growing trend of immigrants of non-European origin. Germany is the main destination. In the second part the movement of cross-border workers was revealed that cross-border workes move from a place with a high unemployment rate to an area with a lower rate, while also tending to head to an area with a higher GDP per capita. The questionnaire survey shows the main motivating factor for working across borders, and thus a higher wage, which, however, varies according to age group and education group. Knowledge of language and culture increases the likelihood of an individual's work across borders.