Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mariola Laguna Author-Name: Michal Wiechetek Author-Name: Wieslaw Talik Title: Competencies of Managers and Their Business Success Abstract: The article aimed to explain how general and specific managerial competencies relate to business success of small and medium size enterprises (SMEs). This study was conducted among 264 SMEs managers. SME success was measured as subjective assessment of economic growth indicators in comparison with competitors on the market. General and specific competencies were significant predictors of success in running a business. Specific managerial competencies proved to be a mediator between general competencies and SME success. This paper helps to better understand how individual differences - general and specific competencies - influence entrepreneurial behaviour and its outcomes. Keywords: managerial success, managerial competencies, SMEs Classification-JEL: M12 Pages: 7-13 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/49 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/49 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:25:p:7-13 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlcbr/references/25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaroslav Halik Title: The Application of PEST Analysis Based on EBRD and IBRD Methodology Abstract: This paper discusses the possible applications of PEST analysis with the use of methodology and data from The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank/International Finance Corporation. A practical example shows how to use the models when setting a logistics service company in selected Central/Eastern European markets. The combination of PEST and EBRD/IBRD reports is seen as a viable tool for measuring the market potential, its growth or decline, attractiveness, business opportunity and suitability of access into these countries. Keywords: PEST, EBRD, IBRD, IFC, business, opportunity Classification-JEL: M21 Pages: 14-21 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/46 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/46 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:26:p:14-21 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlcbr/references/26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Machek Title: Retail Market Structure Development in Central Europe Abstract: This article is analyzing the trends and development in the retailing sector in Central Europe, namely in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. These markets serve about 63 million inhabitants. The retail industry in Central Europe has changed dramatically in the last two decades, and has become a model for successful transformation of emerging markets. The retail market is highly concentrated and dominated by Western European retail chains. International retail chains are using all formats of modern distribution. This article is focusing on the development of hypermarkets, supermarkets and discount stores. Due to the international retail chains, Central European countries benefit from a dense network of modern shopping places; the intense competition of highly productive retailers contributes to the lower level of inflation rate because of the so-called Wal-Mart Effect. The constant pressure on prices influences the marketing strategies of both retailers and suppliers. Keywords: Retail; Retail Market Structure, Central Europe, Price Wars, Price Promotion, On-line Shopping Classification-JEL: L1, L81 Pages: 22-27 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/30 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/30 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:27:p:22-27 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlcbr/references/27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mariola Ciszewska-Mlinarič Author-Name: Krzysztof Oblój Author-Name: Franjo Mlinarič Title: How Relational Capabilities Matter? Organizational Context and Performance of Internationally Oriented SMEs Abstract: The article sheds light on the organizational context enhancing development of relational capabilities and examines the significance of relational capabilities for SMEs’ financial and non-financial performance. The firm relational capability is measured separately in customers’ and suppliers’ networks. The research results reveal that fostering internal social capital coupled with the usage of economic motivators augment a firm relational capability in a supplier network, which in turn is associated with better performance results, both financial and non-financial. The results on relational capability in a customer network with respect to performance are less conclusive, indicating that vertical ties that internationally oriented SMEs develop (with suppliers and customers) are not of equal importance. Keywords: relational capability, vertical ties, performance, SME Classification-JEL: F23, M16 Pages: 28-36 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/25 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/25 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:28:p:28-36 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlcbr/references/28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Květa Olšanová Title: Understanding Seniors in the Context of an Aging European Population as a Modifier for Further Brand Management: Case of the Czech Republic Abstract: This paper outlines the growing potential of the aging population in Europe with focus on the impact on food industry. The importance of the matured consumers within the next decades will exceptionally grow. For food producers the impact on company volumes will be significant without sophisticated innovations in products and communication. The objective of this study is to selectively highlight relevant research of the segment of senior consumers with special focus on food industry and using this to clarify two important areas with significant implications for marketers: (i) importance of the senior segment for the future food marketing and (ii) matured segment specifics in benefits selection for brands´ positioning strategies development. Different segmentation approaches to senior market together with implications on targeting and communication are discussed. Keywords: segmentation, senior, positioning Classification-JEL: M31 Pages: 37-45 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/41 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/41 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:29:p:37-45 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlcbr/references/29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Petr Jirsak Author-Name: Petr Kolar Title: Customer Orientation and Marketing in Containerized Freight Distribution and Logistics - Czech Republic Perspectives Abstract: The objective of the forthcoming research is to analyze the logistics providers (3PLs), global shipping lines´ and multimodal transport operators´ (MTOs) perception of their customers and their customer service policy in the Czech Republic. To evaluate customer orientation in the market of transport and logistics is highly complex task. To obtain the data necessary for an informed analysis, the open interviews will be made and questionnaires will be distributed to the relevant companies´ managers in the Czech Republic. Due to the concentration of container and logistics activity within a relatively small number of important market players active in the country´s market, the approach of market characteristics will be case study based. Moreover, the research will offer an important analysis of the shipping lines´ and logistics providers´ services in terms of customer service policy in the Czech Republic. The conceptual paper focuses on the literature review, methodology and anticipated results only. Keywords: container shipping, customer orientation, logistics provider, multimodal transport operator, shipping Classification-JEL: L91, M16 Pages: 46-50 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/47 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/47 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:30:p:46-50 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlcbr/references/30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Poucha Author-Name: Zuzana Anna Palzer Title: Gernot Mittendorfer: If People do not have the Right Attitude, Not Even the Best Coach Can Replace It Abstract: Gernot Mittendorfer is a member of the Management Board of Erste Group Bank AG responsible for Group Real Estate & Leasing, Group Investment Banking, Group Large Corporates Banking, Local Corporate Banking, Corporate Support and Operations and GCIB Portfolio Management. The former CEO of Česká spořitelna talks, in his exclusive interview for CEBR, about the relationship between headquarters and subsidiaries, managers from CEE countries, gender equality in management, university relations and other interesting topics. Pages: 51-54 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/51 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/view/51 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:31:p:51-54 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Slavíček Title: Surveillance and Workplace Pages: 55 Volume: 2012 Issue: 3 Year: 2012 File-URL: http://cebr.vse.cz/cebr/article/download/50/36 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/cebr/32 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlcbr:v:2012:y:2012:i:3:id:32:p:55