Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Novotný
Title: Introduction
Abstract: Vážení čtenáři, přichází k Vám čtvrté, tj. závěrečné číslo roku 2013, které je tematicky zaměřeno na ekonomiku a management ve sportu. Vybrali jsme několik zajímavých příspěvků, které byly předneseny na mezinárodní vědecké konferenci Ekonomika, management a marketing sportu 2013, konané v Praze ve dnech 29. - 30. 11. 2013 na Fakultě podnikohospodářské VŠE v Praze, ve spolupráci s Fakultou tělesné kultury University Palackého v Olomouci a u příležitosti 60 výročí založení VŠE v Praze, konané pod záštitou rektora VŠE prof. Richarda Hindlse. Jako hlavní řečníci vystoupili dr. Paul Downward z Velké Británie, který informoval o dopadu olympijských her v Londýně na sportovní participaci britské veřejnosti a Ing. Jiří Kejval předseda ČOV, který informoval o přínosech sportu českému hospodářství a o momentální situaci, která je v české společnosti ve vztahu ke sportu a možných východiscích.  Pro náš časopis jsme vybrali především práce českých autorů a jednoho zahraničního. První příspěvek autorů Popelky a Slepičkové přináší informaci o problematice právních a organizačních forem poskytování sportovních zařízení v obcích s rozšířenou působností sportovní veřejnosti. České prostředí je specifické formami vlastnictví sportovišť oproti západní Evropě, zejména tím, že značná část je vlastněna sportovními kluby, ale v současnosti nabývá na významu úloha obcí.  Řek Ioannis Dionysopoulos se věnoval problematice komercializace olympijských her a to ze zkušeností Řecka vyplývajících z jejich pořádání. Tento problém je neustále diskutován mezi zastánci tradičního pojetí olympijské myšlenky a tzv. modernizátory. V příspěvku Ščiklina a Novotného je věnována pozornost oceňování sportovního profesionálního klubu, jedná se o Přístupy k oceňování profesionálních sportovních klubů. Zejména v České republice se jedná o ožehavé téma, které vyplývá z toho, že kluby jsou ochuzeny o nehmotná aktiva.  Problematikou soutěžní vyrovnanosti tří profesionálních lig ve střední Evropě se zabývá příspěvek Šímy a Procházky Static Competitive Balance of Three Chosen Central European Football Leagues. Téma zajímavé z hlediska fanoušků, neboť nejistota výsledku je hlavním motivem pro trvalý zájem diváků o ligové zápasy.  Autoři Skoumal, Schwartzhoffová a Hobza v příspěvku Sport jako generátor rozvoje cestovního ruchu, se zabývají sportem jako externalitou, která ovlivňuje cestovní ruch a tím pomáhá i oživovat regiony.  Problematikou alokace finančních prostředků z municipálních rozpočtů z různých hledisek se zabývají stejní autoři Hobza, Skoumal a Schwartzhoffová ve svém druhém příspěvku Úvahy k normativní ekonomické základně institucionální podpory sportu na municipalitách. Je to tématika zajímavá pro oblast teorie veřejných financí.  Z poněkud jiného hlediska se Štaud zabývá problematikou alokace mezi profesionálním sportem a kulturou v příspěvku Možnosti exaktního srovnání profesionálního sportu a kultury v Brně jako klíče k přerozdělení městského rozpočtu do těchto dvou sfér lidské činností. Je to zajímavý názor, neb je známo, že Evropská komise EU má záporné stanovisko pro poskytování dotací profesionálním sportovním klubům. Poslední zvolený příspěvek je spojen s otázkou kvality sportovních aktivit. V českém sportovním prostředí se dostává zatím do mírného zájmu největších zastřešujících sportovních organizací, které mohou toho využívat jako certifikát kvality tělovýchovného procesu ve svém marketingu. Touto tematikou se zabývá Jana Nová z Masarykovy Univerzity v příspěvku Current Concepts of the Quality in Sport and their Utilization in the Czech Republic.     Jiří Novotný
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/210
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:210

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jakub Popelka
Title: Legislative and organizational forms of providing sports facilities in municipalities with extended powers
Abstract: This paper presents the results of basic analysis in the research of public services. The work is focused on the organizations providing municipal sports facilities. It responds to the current trend of setting up these organizations. The first part of the paper summarizes theoretical approaches in the area of sports facilities and public services, and defines legislative framework of the problem. The authors further specify the alternatives of the current provision of sports facilities at municipal level. Analytical part presents the data on the forms of the organizations, their establishment, number and types. The research is based on municipal web data and data from the examined organizations. The sample included all municipalities with extended powers, with the exception of regional towns and the City of Prague (n=193). The results confirm the trend in the establishment of municipal-based organizations also in the area of public facilities. The question arises which of these organizations produce better services in relation to the theory and the legislative framework of the Czech Republic.
Keywords: sports facilities, municipalities, sportovní zařízení, Sports services, Public services, Sportovní služby, Obce, Veřejné služby
Classification-JEL: G30
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/211
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:211
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/211

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioannis Dionysopoulos
Title: Olympic Games and their Commercialization
Abstract: The contribution first shows how in Greece, the birthplace of democracy and civilization, specifically in ancient Olympia, the Ancient Olympic Games, which created the spirit and values of the Olympic movement in which games should be kept. Then paper analyses the evolution of the Olympic Games in today's modern form after their revival in 1896.  In this context, the contribution shows how socio-economic development of the world community has influenced and changed the original ideals of the Olympic idea, in particular thanks to the commercialization of the (doping of athletes, sponsorship, TV rights), and secondarily, thanks to scandals involving members of the International Olympic Committee. The contribution also analyzes the overall impact of the Olympic Games on the national economy and the environment due to the construction of large projects in the host countries.
Keywords: Olympic Games, Commercialization, Doping, TV rights, Scandals of immortal, Olympijské hry, Komercionalizace, Doping sportovců, Televizní práva, Skandály nesmrtelných
Classification-JEL: G30
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/212
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:212
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/212

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandr Ščiklin
Title: Approaches to valuation of professional sports clubs
Abstract: This paper deals with the issues in valuation of professional sports clubs. We mainly focus on football clubs in Europe, especially in the Czech Republic. The aim is to determine suitable valuation approaches and techniques developed for traditional businesses to be applied for the purposes of evaluation of professional sports clubs. In order to achieve the goal above the effects of the major determinants, restrictions and specific features of professional clubs need to be dealt with. Among the most important aspects are production factors (players), specific nature of product (game/match), the resources and the structure of income and expenses, goodwill, stadiums, etc. Additionally, the differences and lack of consensus in the clubs’ accounting practices - and therefore annual reporting - make the determination of proper valuation techniques more complicated. Despite the problematic factors mentioned above there are likely several suitable valuation methods, which can be used under given conditions to determine the value of professional sports clubs in Europe and in the Czech Republic.
Keywords: valuation, Professional sports clubs, Football, Profesionální sportovní kluby, Oceňování, Fotbal
Classification-JEL: G30
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/213
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:213
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/213

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Šíma
Title: Static Competitive Balance of Three Chosen Central European Football Leagues
Abstract: The study deals with measuring and evaluating the static competitive balance in the Czech, Austrian and Hungarian leagues. Static balance measures how much the teams’ position in the league tables differs in the tables of each year. It is calculated with the use of standard deviations in the percentage of wins.  With the help of graphic representation, the results of this study show the static competitive balance evolution of the chosen leagues in the latest 43 seasons and they help to find the trends. In the long term, the highest static balance is in the Czechoslovak-Czech league. However, the Austrian and Hungarian leagues are more balanced in the latest years. All three studied leagues experience visible decreases of their relative levels of competitive balance.
Keywords: Static Competitive Balance, Competitive Balance, Football, Austrian league, Czech league, Hungarian league
Classification-JEL: L83
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/214
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:214
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/214

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Skoumal
Title: Sport as a generator of development in tourism
Abstract: Within regional politics in the Czech Republic, support for sport is increasingly comming to be recognized as a generator of development in tourism. Efforts to achieve dynamic growth in sports tourism in these regions is effective in helping them to deal with structural problems. For the economically weak regions the multiplier effect of sports tourism is particularly important, as it multiplies the qualitative growth of the region. Grant programmes supporting sport in connection with tourism are often an important instrument of regional policy. This paper deals with the regional development of sport as a basis for the concept of regional tourism development. Our target is to find if the regions in their programmes utilize tourism for regional development, concretely in Olomouc Region.
Keywords: financování sportu, Sports infrastructure, Sport funding, Grant support, Tourism, Sportovní infrastruktura, Grantová podpora, Cestovní ruch
Classification-JEL: G18, G38, R11
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/215
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:215
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/215

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vladimír Hobza
Title: Reflections on normative economic base of institutional subsidies to sport in municipalities
Abstract: Sport subsidies from public funds to municipalities in the Czech Republic are carried out on the basis of the relevant provisions of the sport legislation. The economic environment in municipalities relies completely on the individual assessment and consideration of the competent authorities. Since the last normative base was abandoned, new principles, rules, methods and standards are used. Due to the optional sport-election, the development is uneven; uncontrolled and unrestrained development of sport infrastructure occurs in many municipalities with future adverse budgetary consequences. The paper, based on an analysis of expenditures to promote sport in three cities, represents the normative base of sport subsidies from public funds developed on the methodological concept of institutional and non-institutional subsidies in relation to population locations.
Keywords: financování sportu, municipality, Sports infrastructure, Sport funding, Grant support, Sportovní infrastruktura, Grantová podpora, Municipality, Budgetary implications, Rozpočtové dopady
Classification-JEL: D61, D62, H71, H75, I38
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/216
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:216

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ondřej Štaud
Title: Options of exact comparison of professional sport and culture in Brno as a key to relocation of the city budget to these two human activities
Abstract: The paper reflects justification of the local government subsidy to the organizations dealing with the management of professional sport and professional culture in Brno. The main assumption of this topic is the problem of comparing the subsidy to the professional sport which is represented mostly by the profitable market entities and to the non-profitable cultural institutions which are state-funded institutions established by the respective city (in this case - city of Brno).  The article is focused on the organizations with the biggest budget represented by HC Kometa Brno (ice hockey) and FC Zbrojovka Brno (football) in the field of sport and in the cultural field by National Theatre of Brno, Brno City Theatre and Philharmonic Orchestra of Brno. The fundamental aspect is based on the assumption that the city should provide its inhabitants with the environment supporting them to visit professional sport competitions as well as presentation of professional high culture. Thus, the crucial problem is the justification of subsidies into professional sport, which was after 1989 transformed mostly into the market good at the expense of professionally run art, which is on the contrary since 90s fully financed by the local self-government (districts or municipalities). The key data, used for this project, consist of the overall presence, budgets, form of financing and background for running. Apart from this, here is a polemic on including both of these sectors in chapters of the public budgets in the framework of public economy.
Keywords: Sport, subsidies, dotace, Culture, Local Government, Sport, Kultura, Lokální rozpočty
Classification-JEL: H20
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/217
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:217
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/217

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jana Nová
Title: Current Concepts of the Quality in Sport and their Utilization in the Czech Republic
Abstract: In the paper, the author analyzes the current concepts of quality in sport and examines their utilization in the sports environment in the Czech Republic. The limited perception of the different concepts of the quality in sport prevents the sport organizations to introduce the appropriate quality concepts. Therefore the author suggests a conceptual framework which in tune with the type of sports organization, its focus and also the position in the national sports hierarchy, defines the criteria for the selection of the quality concept which is the most appropriate. Finally, the author proposes the measures so to create the conditions for the motivation of the sports organizations to adopt the quality management systems.
Keywords: Management, Product Quality, Sport Management
Classification-JEL: M00, M10, M11
Volume: 2013
Issue: 4
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/eam/218
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnleam:v:2013:y:2013:i:4:id:218
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnleam/references/218