Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joseph Grcic Title: Limits of Moral Relativism Abstract: Talcott Parsons' analysis of the social system and the AGIL paradigm can show the necessity of certain foundational values and the limits of moral relativism. Keywords: moral relativism, Parsons, AGIL paradigm, adaptation, goal attainment, integration, pattern maintenance, virtues Pages: 4-9 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/ethics/23_06_grcic.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=404 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:432:p:4-9 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/432 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Terence Rajivan Edward Title: Rawls versus utilitarianism: the subset objection Abstract: This paper presents an objection to John Rawls’s use of the original position method to argue against implementing utilitarian rules. The use of this method is pointless because a small subset of the premises Rawls relies on can be used to infer the same conclusion. Keywords: original position, utilitarianism, separateness of persons, subset objection Pages: 37-41 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/ethics/23_09_edward.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=407 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:435:p:37-41 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/435 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Hemelík Title: About the body and the mind Abstract: In the frame of this paper are published the first czech translations of letters, which were changed between B. Spinoza and Willem de Blyenbergh of 1665. The content of letters are Blyenbergh´s questions, which resulted from their personal meeting and referred to the relation between the body and the mind. Keywords: Spinoza, letters, Spinoza, dopisy, Willem de Blyenbergh, body and mind, Willem de Blyenbergh, tělo a mysl Pages: 27-36 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/history/23_08_hemelik.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=406 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:434:p:27-36 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/434 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jitka Kuncová Title: Příspěvek k pojetí jazyka u Francise Bacona a Jana Amose Komenského II Abstract: Presented paper is considered as a relatively self-containing second part of a serie dedicated to understanding of language in selected works of Francis Bacon and Johannes Amos Comenius. This part provides an textual analysis of two late Comenius´educational texts and is an attempt to make explicit particular and specific aspects of language presented and cultivated in. Keywords: Johan Amos Comenius, philosophy of language, education, theology, Jan Amos Komenský, filosofie jazyka, vzdělání, teologie Pages: 62-72 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/language/23_12_kuncova.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=410 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:438:p:62-72 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/438 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vendula Kovářová Title: W. W. Bartley: reconsidering the problem of demarcation between science and metaphysics Abstract: In the first half of 20th century the problem of demarcation between science and metaphysics was considered as the central issue of normative philosophy of science. W. W. Bartley convincingly demonstrates in his text from 1962 that dichotomy between science and metaphysics (non-science) is not so important because it does not provide relevant data about certain assertion (theory). Bartley shifted the question to the level of evaluation and acceptability of theories and presented his own criterion of „demarcation“ between a good and a bad theory depending on the number of problems it solves. This study presents Bartley's arguments in context of popperian discussion, his critical response to the reopening of the problem of demarcation between science and pseudoscience in contemporary debates and points out at least three (Bartley, Kuhn, Laudan) denial of the problem of demarcation claimed already in the past. The conclusion of the study offers a solution in accordance with the concept of Bartley's conception of acceptability of theory. Keywords: William W. Bartley, Karl R. Popper, Thomas S. Kuhn, demarkace, falzifikace, induktivismus, William W. Bartley, Karl R. Popper, Thomas S. Kuhn, demarkace, falzifikace, induktivismus Pages: 10-26 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/science/23_07_kovarova.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=405 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:433:p:10-26 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/433 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jitka Paitlová Title: Sciences and science Abstract: This paper point out the problem of how much it is currently meaningful to distinguish between natural sciences, social sciences and humanities. The following questions will be raised: What is the difference between the humanities and the social sciences? Is it possible to keep a sharp demarcation between the humanities and the natural sciences and their methods? What justifies a system of statements to call itself “science”? Is “quantitative death” a necessary fate of the humanities, or is it on the contrary possible - in addition to hi-tech successful natural sciences - to consider humanities as an indispensable know-how for the survival of human society? Answers to these questions will be based on Max Weber’s definition of the social sciences, classical hermeneutic’s demand for autonomy of the methods of the humanities, Hans-Georg Gadamer’s universal hermeneutic, neopositivists’ scientist proposal, and finally on Hans Albert’s solution of the problem of value neutrality of science. Keywords: science, humanities, value neutrality, Max Weber, Hans Albert, věda, humanitní vědy, hodnotová neutralita, Max Weber, Hans Albert Pages: 42-50 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/science/23_10_paitlova.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=408 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:436:p:42-50 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/436 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Georgios Constantine Pentzaropoulos Title: New technologies, the Infoworld, and the need for actionable knowledge Abstract: This article is about knowledge with power or else actionable knowledge. This kind of ability knowledge is often neglected in mainstream epistemology but its importance in today’s information society should not be underestimated. The central element here is the Infoworld, a ubiquitous world projected via the Internet. It is argued that information acquired via this world can be transformed into knowledge by means of logical inference. Knowledge acquisition is seen here as a continuous-time feedback process with its stability depending upon reliable information. Keywords: epistemology, information society, new technologies, actionable knowledge Pages: 51-61 Volume: 2016 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 File-URL: http://nb.vse.cz/kfil/elogos/science/23_11_pentzaropoulos.pdf File-URL: http://e-logos.vse.cz/index.php?article=409 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlelg:v:2016:y:2016:i:2:id:437:p:51-61 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlelg/references/437