Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vladimír Benáček
Title: Přímé zahraniční investice v české ekonomice
Title: Foreign direct investment in the czech economy
Abstract: If compared internationally, Czech Republic belongs to a group of countries with highly intensive foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows. Its analytical studies were confronted, however, with a shortage of reliable time series of industrial data on FDI. The analyses of determining factors of foreign capital inflows came to conclusion that foreign investors were originally only rarely motivated to base their ventures on the endowments of local human capital. The initial motive to take advantage of the availability of cheap labour was in the later stages overshadowed by a strategy of investing into capital intensive industries. The role of human capital and increasing returns to scale came to significance in the second half of 1990s only. Until 1997 Czech domestic firms have not been able to take advantage of the spillover effects of FDI, especially in the imitation of technologies and the adoption of human capital from foreign firms.
Keywords: foreign direct investment, statistics, theory of allocation, determining factors
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/100
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:100

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mojmír Hampl
Title: Metodologické problémy ekonomie jako nominalistické vědy
Title: Methodological problems of economics as a nominalistic science
Abstract: This article focuses on a description of a substantial methodological change in economics that has been being in progress for a previous couple of decades. To explain this change the article exploits the bases of K. R. Popper's distinction between nominalism and essentialism in science. The article comes to a conclusion that the methodological essence of economics in recent years has been shifting from the essentialist shape to the nominalistic one. The passage from essentialism to nominalism is closely connected with the development and the extension of quantitative methods, statistics and advanced mathematics in economics. Another characteristic of this passage leans on the increasing ability of economics to invent and offer hypotheses testable by Popper's falsification method. Main purpose of the article is to describe and analyse some of the problems connected with mentioned methodological turn in economics. That is why problems like data-mining or biased tests are deeply analysed in this paper and methods of avoiding this problems are proposed. The last part of the paper comes to the conclusion that thanks to described methodological turn in economics this science is neither only inductive-based nor just deductive-based but the methodology of contemporary economics is rather the compromise of both. This compromise creates a new methodological paradigm for economic research.
Keywords: essentialism, experiment, falsification, methodology, nominalism, scientist's capital, paradigm
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/101
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:101

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josef Arlt
Author-Name: Štěpán Radkovský
Title: Význam modelování a předpovídání volatility časových řad pro řízení ekonomických procesů
Title: The importance of modelling and forecasting of time series volatility for the control of economic processes
Abstract: It can be observed that the volatility of high frequency time series (daily and higher frequency) has in certain time periods different level. The classical time series linear modelling methodology is based on condition of constant volatility. There are two conceptions of solution of the problem of the classical linear model. The first conception is based on idea that the problem is in the type of model of time series. Therefore R. Engle developed the class of ARCH models. The second conception is based on idea that the assumption of normality in models is not real in practise. In transmission of regulative intervention from one time series to another, the level of their volatility plays very important role. It is empirically analyzed the problem of intervention transmission from REPO interest rate to PRIBOR 1T, 1M, 3M and 1R rates. The GARCH models of volatility enables to construct the confidence intervals for conditional means and to define the effective intervention to the development of time series. The non effective intervention to PRIBOR 1T series does not have chance to be transmitted to another time series. Only the effective intervention can be transmitted. The realization of transmission depends on many factors among them, the expectations of changes of REPO interest rate play very important role.
Keywords: volatility, GARCH, interest rate, transmission mechanism, effective intervention
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/102
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:102

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Kubálek
Title: Modelování měnových kurzů
Title: Modelling foreign exchange rates
Abstract: The theoretical models developed under assumption of purchasing pover parity fail to explain large fluctuations that appear in the currency time series since the beginning of the 1980s. The object of the present paper is to demonstrate, that unrestricted Engle-Granger cointegration model with error correction term is a valid framework for analyzing long-run exchange rate equilibrium as well as short term dynamics. In contrast to previous works, the genetic algorithm input selection is used to identify possible exogenity of variables entering in the model and a simulation based experiment splits short-run dynamics into several consecutive periods to improve model's final empirical validity.
Keywords: cointegration, error correction, genetic algorithms, exchange rates
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/103
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:103

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonín Rusek
Title: Měnové výbory pro východní Evropu?
Title: Currency boards for eastern Europe?
Abstract: Feasibility of a currency board type of monetary arrangement in transitional economies of Eastern Europe is a function of the size of the country and the nature of the financial sector in a country. For very small countries where financial services can be provided by subsidiaries of foreign financial institutions the currency board is likely to be an optimal monetary arrangement. However, if the need exists for an efficient domestically based financial sector - as is likely in medium and large countries - the currency board type of arrangement appears unfeasible. Major reason is the need to restructure the domestic financial system in these countries. Such restructuring is costly and unlikely to be paid out of fiscal revenues. Hence, the need for Central Bank with its ability to create "net domestic assets" as the restructuring agent. However, once the transition is concluded and East European countries accession to EU becomes a serious possibility, a currency board arrangement appears to be a best intermediate monetary step before joining the Euro area.
Keywords: currency board, transitional economies, monetary arrangement, accession to European Union
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/104
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:104

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mohamed Branine
Author-Name: Zuzana Dvořáková
Title: Mezinárodní řízení lidských zdrojů: faktory konvergence a divergence
Title: International human resource management: factors of convergence and divergence
Abstract: Human resource management (HRM) can be described within organizational and cultural contexts. Increasing interest in international HRM suggests that employment policies in different countries have been perceived as meeting a trend of uniform characteristics in the management of people. By reviewing some of the recent literature on HRM, examining the practice of HRM in the USA, Japan and Europe, and drawing from the National Panels of HRM in the Czech Republic this paper discusses some of the emerging difficulties in developing an international model of HRM. We suggest that in employment practices there are basic characteristics of HRM: a) empowerment, b) individualism, c) representation, d) strategic awareness, and e) problem-orientation. They are used as parameters for investigating the extent to which IHRM can be materialised. They also help to identify prospects of Czech HRM towards the EU. We conclude that there are strong grounds for convergence as well as divergence in the practice of HRM, because of cultural influences and vital drivers for the emergence of international HRM such as the political orientations, economic pressures, technological advancements and the spread of multinational companies, tending to bring culturally diverse countries together.
Keywords: human resource management, international HRM, HRM policies and practices, factors of convergence and divergence
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/105
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:105

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Hušek
Title: Ekonometrická analýza produkčních funkcí
Title: Econometric analysis of production functions
Abstract: The production functions modelling is treated from econometric viewpoints. The class of the neo-classical production functions is described. Special attention is given to the so called CD and CES production functions. The estimates of the parameters from cross-sectional data are evaluated. Disturbance terms weakening their precision is mentioned and the possibilities of eventual corrections outlined. The economic interpretation is stressed as a most important factor in evaluating the fundamental production functions and their characteristics. The description of production functions based on time series data is given. The alternative representations evaluating the influence of technical progress are mentioned. Especially the methods of estimating the embodied and disembodied technical progress are performed. The approach using the so called proxies through the time variables is appreciated as a stimulating one. Moreover, the vintage production functions are mentioned as a useful tool when trying to project the development of separated effects of the technical progress and their future development.
Keywords: production function, marginal product, isoquants, marginal rate and elasticity of substitution, returns to scale, vintage models
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/106
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:106

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Jonáš
Title: Nositel nobelovy ceny za ekonomii za rok 1999
Title: Nobel prize winner for economics in 1999
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/107
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:107

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Matušů
Author-Name: Jiří Trešl
Title: Statistická analýza dat a kvalita života
Title: Statistical data analysis and quality of life
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/108
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:108

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stanislava Hronová
Author-Name: Eva Jarošová
Title: O nových přístupech ve statistice
Title: About new attitudes in statistics
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/109
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:109

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Čihák
Title: Česká společnost ekonomická: chování spotřeby a přímé zahraniční investice (informace z 11. a 13. semináře). Praha, květen a září 1999.
Title: CEA: consumption behaviour and foreign direct investment
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/110
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:110

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milan Žák
Title: Ekonomie pro všechny a
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/111
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:111

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petr Dvořák
Title: Vše, co je třeba vědět o repo obchodech (Jílek, J.: Moderní finanční produkty - repo obchody. Praha, Grada 1999, 601 str.)
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/112
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:112

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomáš Cipra
Title: Nové přístupy k analýze časových řad (Arlt, J.: Moderní metody modelování ekonomických časových řad. Praha, Grada 1999, 312 str.)
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/113
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:113

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zuzana Dvořáková
Title: Ucelený výklad personalistiky a jejich nástrojů (Armstrong, M.: Personální management. Praha, Grada 1999, 963 str.)
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/114
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:114

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Hřích
Title: Komplexní pohled na světovou ekonomiku jako na reálný systém i teoretickou disciplínu (Cihelková, E. a kol.: Světová ekonomika. Praha, etc publishing 1997, 257 str.)
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/115
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:115

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juraj Nemec
Title: Nová domáca učebnica verejnej ekonómie (Strecková, Y., Malý, I. a kol.: Veřejná ekonomie pro školu i praxi. Praha, Computer press 1998, 214 str.)
Volume: 2000
Issue: 1
Year: 2000
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/116
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2000:y:2000:i:1:id:116