Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josef Arlt
Author-Name: Jindra Čutková
Author-Name: Štěpán Radkovský
Title: Některé aspekty spotřební funkce v podmínkách České republiky 90. let
Title: Selected aspects of consumption function in the Czech Republic in the nineties
Abstract: The character of the consumption function analysis in the Czech Republic is determined by short and non-stable period of the last ten years. The development of consumption in 1990 - 2000 can be divided into four partial different periods. The time series used in the econometric analysis are short. There are two principal econometric approaches to consumption function: Davidson, Hendry, Srba, Yeo approach and rational expectation approach based on the Hall's and Flavin's work. The permanent income hypothesis tests follow the rational expectation framework. The econometric models of consumption function based on the disposable and labor income reject the permanent income-life cycle hypothesis in the condition of the Czech Republic.
Keywords: econometric model, rational expectations, time series, consumption function
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/344
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:344

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stanislav Šaroch
Title: Ceny na trzích aktiv
Title: Prices on the asset markets
Abstract: The aim of this article is to show some relationships between equity and real estate market on one hand and bussines cycles on the other. These Questions are discussed in the framework of empirical estimates of wealth effect. Using Tobin's q-theory of investment, this paper analyzes reactions in investment behaviour of the firms. The stock market prices do not affect this behaviour. The same is valid for real estate market.
Keywords: equity market, real estate market, wealth effect, agregate demand, q-theory of investment, bussines cycle
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/345
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:345

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miroslav Maňas
Title: Konkurenční a koluzívní chování v oligopolu
Title: Competitive and collusive behaviour in oligopoly
Abstract: Single commodity, single criteria (= profit maximization) oligopolies are usually supposed to be competitive but they may, in fact, be collusive. We study observable symptoms of oligopolistic collusions and propose some indicators that assess the level of collusive co-operation among oligopolists. We investigate the case where the strategic variables of the oligopolists are amounts of supplies per unit of time (typically, one year) and where the unit price is specified as an equilibrium point between supply and demand. Alternatively, we also investigate the case where the unit price is a result of collusive agreements of some or all oligopolists. The potential collusive agreements may include side payments among oligopolists. The indicators measuring the collusive behaviour are based on deviations of the observable market parameters from the values corresponding to a Nash equilibrium solution of the Cournot type model of oligopoly.
Keywords: competition, oligopoly, collusion, Nash equilibrium
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/346
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:346

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Křovák
Title: Nová ekonomika: sociálně ekonomické implikace, implikace pro statistiku
Title: The new economy: socioeconomic implications, implications for statistics
Abstract: The article attempts to provide a definition of a still not well-defined concept of the new economy. It deals with characteristic features of the new economy and its socioeconomic implications. Empirical evidence on the existence of the new economy is presented. Importance of information and communication technologies (namely internet and e-commerce) for the new economy is stressed and documented. Some myths about the new economy are clarified, and implications of the new economy for economic policies and statistics are described.
Keywords: economic policy, statistics, business cycle, new economy, information society, ICT (information and communication technologies)
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/347
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:347

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milan ŘÍKOVSKÝ
Title: Debata o socialistické kalkulaci a její vliv na vývoj rakouské školy
Title: The socialist calculation debate and its impact on the development of the austrian school of economics
Abstract: The paper presents the debate over economic calculation under socialism that took place in the interwar period. The author explains why and how important was the debate for the history of economic thought. The main conclusion of this article is that the debate was not only an important episode for its own sake. The paper exemplifies that the socialist calculation debate played an important role as a catalyst in the development and articulation of the modern Austrian view of the market as a competitive enterpreneurial process of discovery.
Keywords: competition, socialist calculation debate, calculation, prices, equilibrium, disequilibrium, dispersed knowledge, entrepreneur, entrepreneurial discovery
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/348
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:348

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mejra Festić
Title: Monetary policy instruments used in Slovenia
Abstract: There was a need to establish an independent central bank and effective instruments after getting independent. Slovenia dismissed the non-market instruments of monetary policy that were used in the former Yugoslavia. Old, selective instruments of monetary policy were replaced by new instruments: open market policy, lombard loans, bills with warrants, twice bills, foreign currency bills, minimum reserve requirements. Slovenia has to use open market policy instruments as the core instrument, refinancing policy should have a safety valve function to satisfy unexpected needs for the central bank money.
Keywords: open market policy, refinancing, loans, securities, minimum reserve requirements
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/349
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:349

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rudolf Sivák
Author-Name: Jana Mikócziová
Title: Príspevok k teórii optimálnej kapitálovej štruktúry podniku
Title: A contribution to an optimal capital structure theory of an enterprise
Abstract: The problem of optimal capital structure of an enterprise and its impact on the market value and the overall financial costs of an enterprise have been in the centre of attention of the corporate finance theory and practice already for some decades. The capital structure optimisation is relatively a complex issue. Modigliani and Miller defined the theory principles. Other model approaches (trade-off model, hierarchic order theory, information asymmetry models) are mostly aimed at the definition of an optimal ratio of debt with a fixed interest rate over equity. The application of different model approaches is very difficult in practice, but it is very important for a successful management of the optimal capital and financial structure in transitive economies. It can also be evidenced by the financial practice of companies in developed market economies, where these approaches are being used in the practical and financial decision-making process.
Keywords: optimal capital structure theory of an enterprise, MM model, trade-off model, capital structure models based on information asymmetries, application of theoretical models of optimal capital structure in practice
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/350
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:350

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaroslav Krameš
Title: Prvních sto třicet let vysokoškolské výuky ekonomie v českých zemích
Title: The first hundred thirty years of university economic teaching in czech lands
Abstract: The article describes the tradition of teaching economics in the first hundred thirty years of its history since it was introduced as a subject of university studies. Attention is paid to the relation between development of the content of teaching and history of economic thinking. A diversity of the forms of teaching economics is also described with focus on lectures, seminars and examinations. Another topic is the number of students, relations between teachers and students and availability of textbooks and other economic literature. Special attention is paid to the history of textbooks and to pedagogic personalities. The history of teaching and its forms is described at the three developmental stages that have always left their impression: cameralism, classical political economy and younger historical and Austrian schools.
Keywords: political sciences, teaching economics, national economy, commercial science, lectures, seminars, examinations, textbooks
Volume: 2002
Issue: 1
Year: 2002
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/351
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2002:y:2002:i:1:id:351