Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Řezník Title: Historie časopisu politická ekonomie (část iii: 1963 - 1966) Title: History of the politická ekonomie journal - period iii: 1963 - 1966 Abstract: Executive Board intends to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of a Czech professional economic journal by publishing in Volume 2003 articles that will deal with the history, development, peripeteias, twists and turns of Politická ekonomie. Issue No. 3 is focused on the period 1963-1966. Keywords: history of journal Classification-JEL: A11 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/405 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:405 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kamil Janáček Author-Name: Eva Zamrazilová Title: Rok 2002: desinflace v české ekonomice Title: Year 2002: disinflation in czech economy Abstract: Slowdown of economic growth occurred as a consequence of overall European slowdown in 2002. The most reliable factor of Czech GDP growth has become private demand of households. The acceleration of Czech economic growth will be strongly determined by the timing and intensity of economic recovery in Western Europe which has been postponing ever since. Strong disinflation processes pressed the inflation rate to record low levels in the history of transition. At the same time, strengthening of CZK continued in the first half of the year with an upturn in mid-2002. Later on, Czech monetary policy succeeded to stop the appreciation, CZK returning back to the level from the beginning of the year. Keywords: economic growth, inflation, investment demand, consumer demand, world economic recovery, foreign direct investments Classification-JEL: O11, O52 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/406 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:406 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luděk Urban Title: česká republika na prahu Evropské unie Title: Czech republic on the threshold of the European union Abstract: In the second half of the year 2000 the intensity of the economic integration of the country with EU economies was on a very high level. Czech law system has already absorbed and transposed major part of the acquis and has advanced also in building adequate administrative capacities to implement it. In spite of this several problems and barriers have blocked the road to accession, both on the EU side and on the Czech side as well. In the end the outlooks of the real convergence of the Czech economy to the EU average based on Czech, EU and Austrian calculations are commented. Keywords: real convergence, EU enlargement, economic and social implications, Czech preparation to EU accession, popular support Classification-JEL: E31, F15 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/407 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:407 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stanislav Šaroch Author-Name: Michal Andrle Author-Name: Petr Pavelek Title: Rehabilitujeme fiskální makroekonomickou stabilizaci? Title: Fiscal macroeconomic stabilization: a new era? Abstract: This article aims to argue with the wide-spread perception of discretionary fiscal policy as a poor macroeconomic stabilization tool, especially in comparison with the contemporary performance of monetary policy. European Monetary Union Member States are hit by the asymmetric shocks or respond dissimilarly to a common shock. This is the strongest reasoning for the rehabilitation of active fiscal macroeconomic stabilization. Prudent fiscal and debt management policies are powerful to mitigate the economic impacts of various shocks at a national level and thus to replace the loss of autonomous monetary and exchange rate policy. The resurrection of fiscal policy is contingent on the efective institutional framework for its implementation. The principle of proposed reforms in fiscal policy stems from political economics background and corresponds to recent reforms in monetary and public debt management institutions. The only way how to address the traditional incentive constraints of policy discretion is to set up an independent fiscal agency outside of Ministry of Finance. Keywords: fiscal policy, stabilization policies, public debt management, political economics Classification-JEL: E61, H30, H63 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/408 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:408 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Sirovátka Author-Name: Martin Žižlavský Title: Nezaměstnanost a pracovní pobídky Title: Unemployment and work incentives Abstract: In this paper we explore how unemployment benefits and other social benefits affect work incentives in the Czech Republic. We test the link between replacement rates and reservation wages taking duration of unemployment into account and we specify validity of the outlined model using replacement rates and reservation wages recognised in the sample of the unemployed. We conclude that replacement rates are high only in case of specific family types (incomplete families and families with children where women have lost the job), low skilled categories of the unemployed. Reservation wages are linked mainly to the economic and social status of the unemployed and seem to be raised by replacement rates of benefits only with the category of the unskilled. Besides low efficiency of job search, insecurity of job tenure and insecurity of future benefits entitlements raise the price of the status of the unemployed and push reservation wages up. Keywords: replacement rate, reservation wage, work incentives Classification-JEL: J60, J63, J64, J68 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/409 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:409 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Schwarz Title: Transformace, reforma a třetí cesta Title: Reform, transition and the third way Abstract: The command economy that the Czech Republic inherited from the communist system was considered unreformable. It seems as if the social and economic transition of ex-communist countries is necessary for their full inclusion among democratic countries with highly developed market economic systems. No new central European tiger has emerged since Erhard"s reform in the post-war West Germany, since welfare-statism also destroyed a genuine economic transition in the Czech Republic. Influential interest groups were able to interrupt the transition process and to stop it halfway in many areas. Political pressures to bring the Czech Republic closer to European Union's standards led to the passing of laws and government measures that were incompatible with the highly-regarded transition strategy. The development of public law at the expense of private law enforcement (in accordance with EU policy) led to the further expansion of bazaar capitalism in the Czech Republic. Keywords: voucher privatization, public law, law enforcement, vested interests, lobby groups, regulatory bodies, bazaar capitalism, social market economy, private law, transition, economic liberalization Classification-JEL: A10, B29, D72, K10, P30 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/410 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Kinkor Title: Politicko-ekonomické důsledky chybného pojetí monopolu Title: Political/economic consequences of mistaken concept of monopoly Abstract: It is generally established that the concept of monopoly refers to an existence of a single company operating on the relevant market. This interpretation, though commonly accepted and echoed by all textbooks, is incorrect. The fact of being a single supplier is not essential in forming the concept of monopoly. The essential feature of monopoly is not the fact of a single company as such but the fact of the government physical force (i.e. law) mandating the privilege of exclusivity and keeping potential competitors out of an industry. But the defect in traditional conception of monopoly had to wait - until economists invented the theory of perfect competition - before it could lead to the routine attacks against the very nature of business through the government anti-trust legislation. The concept of monopoly must be redefined and reconstructed and the vitally important distinction between economic power of business and political power of government must be recognized. Keywords: monopoly, perfect competition, antitrust policy Classification-JEL: D41, D42, L40 Volume: 2003 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/411 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2003:y:2003:i:3:id:411