Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Bílková
Title: Analýza mezd a vybraných ukazatelů v zemích OECD
Title: Analysis of Wages and Selected Indicators in OECD Countries
Abstract: The research database consists of the OECD countries except Iceland, Latvia and Turkey, which were excluded because of insufficient data. The primary objective of the study is to group the countries according to their average wage, GDP per capita, minimum wage and unemployment rate. Another objective, of no less importance, is to determine which of the three remaining above variables significantly affect the average wage, while defining the type and strength of this relationship. Yet another important goal is to develop forecasts of the wage level and GDP per capita for each OECD country by 2020. In terms of clustering OECD countries by the four variables, the Czech Republic always ranks alongside Chile and three post-communist countries, Estonia, Hungary and Poland. GDP per capita is the only explanatory variable significantly affecting the average wage. The dependence of these two variables is represented by a secondorder polynomial (concave parabola), the selected regression parabola explaining approximately 88 percent of the variability in the observed levels of the average annual wage. The conversion of the average wage, GDP per capita and minimum wage to purchasing power parity allows consideration of different price levels and thus comparison of purchasing power parity of the population in different countries.
Keywords: cluster analysis, wages in OECD countries, GDP in OECD countries, Ward’s method, Euclidean distance, stepwise regression
Classification-JEL: C22, C35, C38, E24, E25
Pages: 133-156
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1231.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1231
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Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1231:p:133-156
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Adamovský
Author-Name: Vladimír Gonda
Title: Rozdiely v efektívnosti inovačných systémov Slovenska a vybraných krajín Európskej únie
Title: Differences in Efficiency of National Innovation Systems of Slovakia and Selected EU Countries
Abstract: The aim of the paper is to identify differences in innovation efficiency of national innovation systems of Slovakia and selected countries of the European Union (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Romania and Sweden) in the period 2006-2015. The relative efficiency model applied uses a non-parametric method known as data envelopment analysis (DEA) in a super-efficiency version with a constant-returns-to-scale technology and input orientation. The data selection is based on innovation indicators and methodological aspects of the model. The authors discovered that Austria and Germany achieved an efficient score for technological efficiency, Belgium, Estonia, Romania and Slovakia for economic efficiency, and only Austria for overall efficiency. The research identifies peers for Slovakia among all the EU countries at all levels of efficiency, provides several recommendations for improvement and also confirms the existence of small countries’ resulting bias.
Keywords: European Union, Slovak Republic, national innovation system, data envelopment analysis (DEA), super-efficiency
Classification-JEL: C14, O31, O32
Pages: 181-197
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1234.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1234
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Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1234:p:181-197
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Boďa
Title: Zmena produktivity vo viacročných obdobiach: Hicksov-Moorsteenov index, jeho dekompozícia a banková aplikácia
Title: Productivity Change in Multi-year Periods: the Hicks-Moorsteen Index, Its Decomposition and Bank Application
Abstract: Index number theory interprets the task of measuring productivity change as examining changes between two one-year periods (or other partial time instances). Nonetheless, in practice there arises a need to assess how productivity fared between two periods consisting of several years (or several partial time instances) and what drove its change. The paper focuses on such situations and has two interlinked goals. On the one hand, the paper formulates a methodology for measuring productivity change based on the Hicks-Moorsteen index and on the decomposition into basic determinants after Diewert and Fox. On the other hand, it demonstrates its usability in investigations of trends in productivity of the Slovak banking sector in the area of financial intermediation between the period 2005-2008 and the period 2009-2016. The results point to an improvement in financial intermediation productivity for most banks and an sector-wide upward shift in the production possibility frontier.
Keywords: productivity change, Hicks-Moorsteen productivity index, Fox-Diewert decomposition, multi-year periods, financial intermediation, Slovak banks
Classification-JEL: D24, G21, O47
Pages: 157-180
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1235.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1235
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1235:p:157-180
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oldřich Hájek
Author-Name: Jiří Novosák
Author-Name: Radek Jurčík
Author-Name: Daniela Spiesová
Author-Name: Jana Novosáková
Title: Strukturální fondy a znevýhodnění regionů: veřejní a neveřejní příjemci podpory
Title: Structural Funding and Disadvantage of Regions: Public and Non-Public Beneficiaries
Abstract: Considering the differences between public and non-public beneficiaries, the main aim of this paper is to evaluate the relationship between the disadvantage of Czech regions and the spatial distribution of EU structural funds in the programming period 2007-2013. The empirical results reveal negative and significant influence of socioeconomic disadvantage of regions on the amount of structural funds obtained by public beneficiaries. On the contrary, agglomeration economies are the statistically significant determinant of the amount of structural funds obtained by non-public beneficiaries. These conclusions are related to different absorption capacity of regions, regarding the number and size of projects. Overall, structural funds do not compensate for the disadvantage of regions, neither for public nor for non-public beneficiaries.
Keywords: Czech Republic, regional disparities, cohesion policy, coherence of policies, structural funds, public beneficiaries, non-public beneficiaries
Classification-JEL: O18, O22, R12, R58
Pages: 113-132
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1238.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1238
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Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1238:p:113-132
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marek Loužek
Title: Zakladatel chicagské školy Frank Hyneman Knight
Title: Frank Hyneman Knight, the Founder of the Chicago School
Abstract: Frank Hyneman Knight made a significant contribution to neoclassical economics. The paper aims to examine his economic theory and political philosophy. The first part outlines the life of Frank Knight. The second part examines his thesis titled “Risk, Uncertainty and Profit” (1921). The third part analyses “The Economic Organization” (1933). The fourth part discusses the book “The Ethics of Competition” (1935). The fifth part takes a look at the political philosophy in the book “Freedom and Reform” (1947). The sixth part highlights the significance of Knight for the Chicago School.
Keywords: neoclassical economics, Chicago School of Economics, Frank Knight, price theory
Classification-JEL: B13, B25, B31, D40
Pages: 198-214
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1220.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1220
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Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1220:p:198-214
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zdeněk Chytil
Author-Name: Arnošt Klesla
Title: Je ekonomické chování lidí skutečně neočekávané?
Pages: 215-219
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1202.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1202
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1202:p:215-219

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Kocúrek
Title: Komplexná monografia mapujúca vývoj financií na území Slovenska
Pages: 220-223
Volume: 2019
Issue: 2
Year: 2019
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/download.php?jnl=polek&pdf=1211.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/polek/1211
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlpol:v:2019:y:2019:i:2:id:1211:p:220-223