Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Václav Beran Author-Name: Petr Dlask Title: Investments and Consequences in Urbanization Abstract: Th e development of regions is not only a signifi cant mediator in generating economic eff ects, it is also a major factor in the absorption of new investment. Th e European economic space is historically constructed on an imagined ability for new investment to create an added value that can be incorporated into the concept of innovation. A replacement of old investment with new investment of equal effi ciency is both erroneous as well as having little economic eff ect. Regularities as to how a region accepts investment are complicated by the dynamics of time. Th ere is disproportion of eff ect given the investors? relatively short economic time horizon compared with the long-term time horizon of service life for a municipal utility. Much higher synergistic eff ects, however, reach the municipality (region) in the vicinity of the investment evaluation. However, if the initial investment is not followed by further investment activities, it comes about a misappropriation of investment eff ects by other investment entities being idle. Th e paper highlights the fact that by the appropriation of the economic eff ects there escape new benefi ts for the original investor. Th ey arise directly out of his reach and create value for the municipality (region) benefi t. If the reader can sense that this is a complex question, the objective of the paper is achieved. If the reader can anticipate aft er reading that the exploitation of investment eff ects is redistributed (so far) by an invisible genius loci, then he neither wasted time nor intellect. Th e indicators of regional development are a sensitive issue in the potential evaluation of any regional development and this also is not fully appreciated. Keywords: investments, area memory, european dimension of the regional development, decision making rules of the regional development, suburbanization, development simulation, sustainable development, investice, paměť území, evropská dimenze územního rozvoje, rozhodovací pravidla územního rozvoje, suburbanizace, simulace rozvoje, udržitelný rozvoj Pages: 2-12 Volume: 2009 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/rst/10 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2009:y:2009:i:2:id:10:p:2-12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Melichar Author-Name: Pavel Rieger Author-Name: Ondřej Vojáček Author-Name: Karel Jedlička Title: Measuring the Value of Urban Forest using Abstract: A hedonic model to the Prague real estate market was applied in order to estimate the effects of the proximity to urban forests and parks on prices of the real estate. Therefore, a large database of 1,701 observations was constructed. This database contains structural aspects, accessibility characteristics and environmental variables on proximity and size of the nearest urban forest. Several regression models have been developed and their robustness has been tested in terms of the signifi cance of parameters and the size of variability explained. Results showed the size of the fl at is the most relevant variable explaining the price of the real estate. A signifi cant inverse relationship between the price of the real estate and its distance from a metro station and an urban forest has also been found. Keywords: regression analysis, hedonic price, geographical information system, property market, urban forests, hedonická cena, regresní analýza, geografický informační systém, trh s bydlením, městské lesy Pages: 13-20 Volume: 2009 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/rst/11 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2009:y:2009:i:2:id:11:p:13-20 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana Kouřilová Author-Name: Ilona Rousová Title: Regional differentiation of marriage rate, divorce rate and natality in the Czech Republic Abstract: Th e paper is aimed at diff erences of marriage rate, divorce rate and natality in regions of the Czech Republic at the district level (LAU 1). Th e authors verify defi ned hypotheses of development situation in the fi eld of family life by means of analyses of statistical data published by the Czech Statistical Offi ce. Th ey use data about marriage rate, divorce rate, natality and natality outside the marriage, they compare age of mothers and age of brides. Finally they make synthesis of family behavior of population using ?indicator R? which is composed of number of marriages, number of divorces, natality and natality outside marriage. Keywords: family, marriage rate, divorce rate, natality, regions, rodina, sňatečnost, rozvodovost, porodnost, regiony Pages: 21-30 Volume: 2009 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/rst/12 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2009:y:2009:i:2:id:12:p:21-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Damborský Author-Name: Marek Grill Title: Spatial planning in the Denmark ? possible inspiration for the Czech Repubic Abstract: Spatial planning is aimed at coordination in diff erent sectors (spatial distribution of population and economic activities, civil and technical infrastructure, environmental protection and cultural values etc.). Spatial planning in Denmark is realized on four levels (national, regional, municipal and local). Th e minister of environment protection is responsible for spatial planning at the national level. His activities have to be in line with Danish ?planning act?. Regional authorities are responsible for preparation and revision of spatial development strategies in all of 12 (respectively 5) regions. Municipal authorities are responsible for complex spatial planning and regulation on municipal and local level (98 municipal spatial development plans and about 1300 local spatial development plans per year). Th e ?Finger plan? is special spatial development plan for region of the capitol Copenhagen (included principles of development in this space). First proposal of the Finger plan was created during the World War II. It was accepted in 1947. Th e characteristics of this plan are pursuit of prevention of city growth when city is enlarging ?more and more course? without any concept (like onion), pursuit of controlling and regulation of city development (e.g. housing, transport infrastructure, civil amenities, public transport network in heavy traffi c). Th e main goal of the Finger plan is to support the housing around the traffi c road and railway lines from Copenhagen to the other cities so as the easy traffi c could be provided. Keywords: regional development, regionální rozvoj, spatial planning, Denmark, Finger plan, prostorové plánování, Dánsko, Finger plan Pages: 31-37 Volume: 2009 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/rst/13 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2009:y:2009:i:2:id:13:p:31-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ondřej Slach Author-Name: Tomáš Boruta Author-Name: Petr Rumpel Title: Project-oriented planning in the framework of IBA Emscher Park Abstract: Th e objective of this paper is to expand the discussion concerning the old industrial regions in the context of perspective incrementalism strategy, which was implemented in the framework of IBA Emscher Park in the northern part of the Ruhr Area during 1990s. Principles and mechanisms of perspective incrementalism and project-oriented planning in the framework of IBA Emscher Park showed the possibilities leading to elimination of the non-innovative milieu which can be with regards to specifi c conditions used also in the old industrial regions of the Czech Republic. One of the major assets and achievements of the IBA was based on profi ling the soft localization factors (ILS, 2003) ? from the change of image, development of culture, to leisure- time activities and environmental conditions. It was the revaluation of the industrial heritage that contributed signifi - cantly to the transformation of region?s image and creation of new symbols (Landmarks), from which emerged a number of high-quality fl agship projects (Zeche Zollverein, or Gasometer Oberhausen. Th e IBA with its projects did not want to resign on its history; on the contrary it made it absolutely intentionally its major identifi cation element. Emphasis on culture is another highly inspiring element. IBA was the fi rst strategy linking up in large measure art, culture, business support, and city development (Freundt, 2003). Th is strong orientation on culture in functional diffusion of landscape, architecture, and music was untypical, particularly for the reason that the old industrial regions are not usually among the especially innovative regions in the sphere of culture (Kunzmann, 1999). Th e limited perception of the results in revaluation of the regional industrial heritage can be regarded as a problem, because of its orientation on results and not on the process or context in which the projects emerged. Th e transfer of other innovative impulses is limited on one hand by the low quality of informal institutions in relations to the political or economic behaviour, which is characteristic for industrial regions undergoing the post-socialistic transformation (Bürkner et al., 2005), and on the other hand by the sceptic attitude of formal institutions (public sector) towards innovations and novel concepts (Rumpel, 2002). Keywords: IBA Emscher Park, perspective incrementalism, project-oriented, transfer of best practices approach, IBA Emscher Park, perspektivní inkrementalismus, projektově orientované, transfer příkladů dobré praxe Pages: 38-44 Volume: 2009 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/rst/14 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2009:y:2009:i:2:id:14:p:38-44 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vladislav Čadil Title: Contribution of the CLUSTERS programme to formation and development of cooperative networks Abstract: The article aims at assessment of the CLUSTERS Programme contributions to formation and development of cooperative networks among enterprises, R&D institutions and universities in the fi eld of research, development and innovation. The objective of the CLUSTERS Programme, the specifi c sub-programme of the Operational programme Industry and Enterprises 2004-2006, was to support the economic growth and competitiveness of economy through the development of sector groupings or clusters. The methodology was based on questionnaire survey among fund benefi ciaries. Th e survey was focused on reasons of cluster formation for involved subjects, common activities within the framework of cluster, type of cluster activities in relation to the region development, cluster eff ect on R&D activities of incorporated subjects etc. The geographic distribution and sectoral structure of clusters were very uneven and strongly infl uenced by activities of individual players in regional development. Clusters seem to be benefi cial for the development of R&D activities of their members. Development of individual R&D activities took place in 92 % of clusters. It is evident that clusters enable R&D institutions and universities to develop their current activities, usable in the cluster. Th is development is refl ected in the creating of joint R&D activities which took place in 84 % of clusters and resulted in an increase in private funds for R&D (67 % of clusters). Clusters are joining international R&D projects (50 %) too, and 33 % of clusters even created joint R&D workplaces. Clusters are very active in human resources development. Secondary schools and universities involved in clusters create joint training courses with fi rms and enable students to join companies as interns. The involvement of R&D institutions facilitates the externalization of company?s R&D, as well as creating joint R&D workplaces and projects. Reinforcing of R&D activities within a cluster leads to the creation an introduction of innovations in the business sector, which subsequently enhances the competitiveness of other companies in the cluster. Keywords: clusters, cooperative networks, small and medium enterprises, research and development, Czech regions, klastry, sítě spolupráce, malé a střední podniky, výzkum a vývoj, regiony ČR Pages: 45-50 Volume: 2009 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/rst/15 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2009:y:2009:i:2:id:15:p:45-50