Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Balej
Author-Name: Jiří Anděl
Title: Multiscale analysis of land cover changes in the Czech Republic after the fall of communism
Abstract: Direct and indirect factors both influence land cover. One of the most important indirect factors influencing the arrangement land cover changes in the Czech Republic in the 20th and 21st centuries was the fall of the communist regime and the subsequent political, legislative, socio-cultural and institutional changes. Using the CORINE database, differences and similarities in land cover changes in formal and functional regions in the years 1990, 2000 and 2006 were finded. Through cluster analysis and principal component analysis, it is possible to analyse land cover changes in different spatial scales and in different types of spatial classifications. Various spatial levels and types of spatial classifications show different results, which are often complementary or more precise. All, however, correspond to the growing variability of land cover both within the types themselves and among other types. The landscape of the Czech Republic is moving in the direction of greater variability in the land cover changes. The greatest land cover change is the shift from arable land to pastures mainly in less favourable areas. Artificial areas are growing in connection with new highways and motorways construction and satellite towns building. The aims of the paper are pursued at three levels: a) theoretical - seeking the regularities of the development in formal and nodal regions at two spatial scales - macro- and meso- regional, b) methodological - finding the regionalisation in order to optimize the land cover changes assessment, c) empirical - assessment of territorial differentiation in the land cover development after the year 1990.
Keywords: Czech Republic, land cover, cluster analysis, CORINE database, land cover, cluster analysis, Czech Republic, CORINE database
Pages: 2-12
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/1_tematicke_clanky_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:73:p:2-12

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcela Káčerová
Author-Name: Jana Ondačková
Author-Name: Jozef Mládek
Title: Social services for seniors, types, size and spatial differentiation - a comparison of Czech and Slovak Republics
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze the social care (system) of elderly populations in the Czech and the Slovak Republic. It focuses on the legislative development of social services and identifying the types of social facilities for seniors in the regional aspect in both countries. The object of interest is the relationship between demographic changes (ageing of population) and (in)sufficiency of selected social services in different unities (regions and districts). Despite a long development of these services in the one common state, the size, structure and regional distribution causes some differences. The Czech society reflects demographic changes faster and more flexible. In addition to it, it creates new dynamic forms of combined formal and informal care for their seniors. The Slovak Republic remains deeper in the patterns of social care from the previous period. Among others, this also reflects a different representation of the three basic types of services - ambulatory, field and residential. It is expected that the further development of social services for seniors will continue, particularly for the reason of ageing of both populations. The development of social services should focus on greater diversification of services. From the regional aspect, there is an actual need for a more balanced distribution with expansion in regions that shows undersized capacity.
Keywords: social services for seniors, ambulatory, field and residential servicies, population ageing
Pages: 51-66
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/5_prehledy_diskuze_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:77:p:51-66

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martina Kuncová
Author-Name: Petr Doucek
Title: ICT Usage in the Czech Republic in Comparison with European Countries
Abstract: The aim of this article is the analysis of the information society in the Czech Republic in the comparison with the other European countries. For this evaluation, we have used the data for the year 2009 from the European Commission. In the next part, we have compared the development of the ICT usage between the years 2008 and 2009. The final results are presented at the end of this article. From the methodological point of view, the methods of multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives as WSA and TOPSIS were used to compare the countries. During the calculations, we have faced another problem - does the method influence the order of the countries? We give answer also for this question at the end of this article.
Keywords: multi-critera Analysis, WSA, TOPSIS, ICT Services, impact of ICT, Information Society, vicekriteriální analýza, WSAS, TOPSIS, služby ICT, dopad ICT, informační společnost
Pages: 67-81
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/6_prehledy_diskuze_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:78:p:67-81

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vukica Janković
Title: Economic and Geographical Factors of Gas Pipeline Infrastructure Planning and Construction
Abstract: This paper explores the meaning of economic and geographical factors during planning and construction of regional gas pipelines and the distributive gas pipeline network. The demand for a secure natural gas supply imposes the need for expanding the gas pipeline infrastructure, as well as ensuring several directions from which the gas would be supplied to the end consumers. Proper planning of the gas pipeline infrastructure enables cost rationalization and reduction, which indirectly influences the overall economic dimension of the gasification project. The enormous investment costs dictate a need for careful analysis of the economics of a gas pipeline project. During planning, an important step is the selection of the gas pipeline route, as well as creating a feasibility study of project construction. The conducted detailed analysis should justify the economic profitability, as well as the long-term sustainability of the gas pipeline project. The geographical layout of the gas market does not match its reserves, so the importing countries have to link their territory with very distant gas production areas. The economic and geographical factors of gas pipeline infrastructure planning and construction are: geographical and geo-strategic position of the area where the gas pipeline infrastructure is being routed, relief, climate, ground, demographic features relating to population, population density, consumer habits of the population, the existence of large industrial consumers of gas, market characteristics; but the historical, ecological, technical and technological factors are also important. These factors can also represent important planning parameters for the future consumption of natural gas, so that a long term supply of a sufficient quantity of energy sources at reasonable prices would be available too.
Keywords: gas, pipeline, infrastructure, economic, plyn, potrubí, infrastruktura, ekonomie
Pages: 82-91
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/7_prehledy_diskuze_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:79:p:82-91

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pavel Branda
Title: Support of Cross-Border Cooperation withing the EU Regional Policy and its future form in the programming period 2014−2020
Abstract: The article analyses the development of the support of cross-border cooperation in the EU from its beginning and demonstrates its increasing importance. In the second part of the article the actual state of preparation of next programming period 2014−2020 is described as well as the rules for cross-border cooperation programmes as suggested by the Commission: financial allocation, territorial eligibility, possibility to finance trilateral projects, thematic concentration, co-financing rate, allocation per programme, personal costs flat rate and stricter criteria for cross-border character of projects. By all these rules the opinion of local a regional authorities expressed mainly in the CoR opinion on the ETC draft regulation is expressed.
Keywords: cross-border cooperation, přeshraniční spolupráce, EU cohesion policy, European territorial cooperation, programming period 2014-2020, Committee of the Regions, local and regional authorities, politika soudržnosti EU, evropská územní spolupráce, programovací období 2014-2020, Výbor regionů, místní a regionální úřady
Pages: 13-25
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/2_kohezni_politika_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:74:p:13-25

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tereza Valášková
Title: The analysis of an interregional cohesion in Central Europe with aspect on border regions
Abstract: The results of a comparative analysis of the economic situation in 2007 still confirms the evident effects of the long years lasting political and economic division by “Iron curtain” and different level of development between regions of new and old member states of the EU. Among Central European regions is in general a deep gap in economic development between new member states´ regions and the German and Austrian ones, except of the capital cities’ regions. The analysis empirically confirms the trend of slow cohesion among NUTS 3 regions in the Central European area as a whole. Anyway, among these regions in the new member states, there are evident increasing disparities; these are due to the dynamic growth in a few regions, mostly in the regions of capital cities. However, the values of interregional disparities are still high even in Germany and statistical data and computations show lasting effects of the former division of the western and eastern part of Germany. Obviously, just the quantitative analysis cannot give uniformly valid explanation of the nature of disparities. Regardless of the border barriers, analysis does not bring the evidence of strong differences in socio-economic situation between NUTS 3 border and inland regions in Central Europe. Some border areas are even more developed than inland regions as western border regions of Austria or the region of ‘Bratislavský kraj’. This brings the positive evidence of the Cross-border cooperation and development transfer in this area. The fast developing regions in the period 2000-2007 were almost all Czech and Slovak, some Hungarian and few Polish ones. That means that these have been having the biggest share on closing of the overall gap in economic development between EU 15 and EU 12 in Central Europe since 2000. As to disparities in unemployment rates, the results of quantitative analyses, without considering territorial and other aspects, often do not show any simple and clear evidence in interpretation based on their values. The data shows the stronger difference among the German regions than for example among the Czech ones. Especially East German regions suffer from very high unemployment rates. Polish and East Slovak regions are as well among that ones with high unemployment rates. On the other hand, Austria has kept the lowest unemployment rates in all its regions, except of the region of the capital city. Austria is the country that has positive values in all regional indicators. It has above EU-27 average HDP/capita levels, low unemployment rates and low level of disparities according to the both mentioned indicators in time. Germany has the strongest economic regions in its country but as well problematic ones and indicates relatively high level of interregional disparities that is just slowly disappearing. Among the new member countries have the best results Czech regions according its HDP per capita levels and growth, relatively low unemployment rates and interregional disparities if the values of the region of the capital city are not considered. It was empirically proved that without this region there are very low interregional disparities in the Czech Republic. Disparities among regions in new member countries in GDP/capita are generated mostly by the region of the capital cities where the growth since 2000 has been fast. Anyway, the size of regions on the NUTS 3 level is in small and middle sized countries in Central Europe quite large and its number small. This causes inequalities in comparisons, especially in the framework of Cross Border Cooperation. Most of NUTS 3 regions (more than 70%) are often considered according to the CBC framework as the border regions. In the Slovak republic there are even all regions defined as border regions. However, the analyses demonstrated that these regions in Central Europe that are eligible to utilize the financial support from the European Regional Development Fund in the framework of Cross- Border Cooperation perform stronger convergence in comparison to the others NUTS 3 regions (as in Graph N12).
Keywords: cross-border cooperation, přeshraniční spolupráce, regional disparities, regionální disparity, politika soudržnosti EU, NUTS 3 regions, cohesion policy of EU, regiony NUTS 3
Pages: 26-39
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/3_kohezni_politika_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:75:p:26-39

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petr Kolařík
Author-Name: Vít Šumpela
Author-Name: Jana Tomešová
Title: Comparison of implementing systems in the Czech Republic, Poland and Hungary
Abstract: Přelom osmdesátých a devadesátých let přinesl změnu pohledu na kompetence a pravomoci některých veřejných orgánů. Doposavad byl výkon veřejné politiky jen v rukou národních vlád. Vlivem evropské integrace však došlo ke změně úhlu pohledu a začal být kladen stále větší důraz na spolupráci nadnárodních, národních a regionálních aktérů. Článek se věnuje problematice víceúrovňové správy (multi-level governance) zejména s ohledem na řízení finančních intervencí ze strukturálních fondů ve třech státech Evropské unie, a to České republice, Polské republice a Maďarsku. Upozorňuje na často opomíjenou problematiku řízení intervencí do regionů a důležité souvztažnosti mezi kvalitním řízením a reálnými výsledky regionální politiky. Cílem je popsat víceúrovňové řízení v rámci kohezní politiky Evropské unie a ověřit hypotézu, že neexistují jednotná pravidla a shoda na základních principech řízení.
Keywords: cohesion policy, kohezní politika, multi-level governance, víceúrovňová správa, kvantifikovatelné ukazatele
Classification-JEL: O570, R500, R580
Pages: 40-49
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.regionalni-studia.cz/images/2013-1/4_kohezni_politika_regio_study_01_2013.pdf
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlrst:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:76:p:40-49