Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eva Cihelková Author-Name: Zbyněk Švarc Author-Name: Josef Bič Title: Lisbon Treaty - a new framework for international-law status of the European Union and its external activities Abstract: Coming Lisbon Treaty into force has changed status of the European Union within international law. Agreeing with major expert opinion it has transformed an international organization of sui generis and a subject without internationally juridical subjectivity into unequivocally identified subject - international organization with external subjectivity. This reality impacts also on external activities of the EU. Thus, Lisbon Treaty has created new framework for specification of nature, principles, aims, elements and governance of external relations of given subjet. Internationally law status of the EU before and after the Lisbon Treaty approval is compared in this article. It is also attempted to characterize legal-institutional foundation of global division of labour participation of the EU. Keywords: European union, Evropská unie, external relations, external activities, vnější vztahy, vnější činnosti, Lisbon Treaty, Lisabonská smlouva, Legal sovereignty, právní suverenita Pages: 3-22 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=36.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/36 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:36:p:3-22 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ludmila Štěrbová Title: Lisbon Treaty and the Common Commercial Policy of the EU Abstract: Lisbon Treaty brings some changes in the EU Common Commercial Policy and related decision processes. CCP is newly a part of the EU external policies, to which belong common foreign and security policy, international environmental policy, development cooperation and economic, financial and technical cooperation with third countries. The basic areas of the CCP have been extended by foreign direct investment, services and trade related aspects of intellectual property rights. EU external exclusive competences for negotiations and conclusions of agreements have been confirmed as well as internal exclusive competences within their implementation. Changes concern also the role of the European Parliament and functioning of the European Council, Council, activities of the High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and European External Action Service. The above mentioned changes will be reflected in the procedures within the EU. Many of aspects of the decision process are not yet clarified and only the practice of participation of the Member States and European Parliament on drafting the Common Commercial Policy could bring clear conclusions. Changes in the legal ground for the EU Common Commercial Policy have impact on the scope of Member States´ influence in this area and could be reflected also in the position of the EU within international trade, namely in negotiations with third countries on bilateral and multilateral trade and investment agreements. Keywords: Lisbon Treaty, Lisabonská smlouva, EU Common Commercial Policy, external and internal exclusive competences, Společná obchodní politika EU, externí a interní výlučné kompetence Pages: 23-43 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=37.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/37 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:37:p:23-43 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zuzana Trávníčková Title: Measures against Financing Terrorism: Tuning of Rules related to European Sanctions Lists Abstract: People´s Mujahedeen Organisation of Iran (PMOI) is an Iranian opposition group, based in France. In May 2002, the name of the Organisation appeared on the sanction list of the European Union. The list was established by Common position 2001/931/CFSP on the application of specific measures to combat terrorism and Council regulation (EC) 2580/2001 on specific restrictive measures directed against certain persons and entities with a view to combating terrorism. Both the acts implemented the United Nations Security Council resolution 1373 (2001). According to the restrictions defined in the regulation, financial and economic sources of PMOI were frozen. Three times, the Organisation brought an action against European Commission and asked for the partial annulment of the Council decision (implementing the regulation 2580/2001), that contained the sanctions list. Three times, the Court of First Instance decided the basic rights of the Organization were broken by the listing. PMOI was the first that successfully challenged the European sanctions list. In the PMOI case, the Court defined the range of human rights (right of the defense, statement of reasons, right to effective judicial protection) by adopting decisions concerning the counter-terrorist measures. The first judgment from December 2006 led to the creating of a new body - Council Working Party on implementation of CP 931, that examines information with a view to listing and de-listing subjects on the sanctions list and prepares the regular review of the list, and also other measures, strengthening the rights of listed persons and entities were adopted. Keywords: European union, Evropská unie, Counter-terrorism measures, financial sanctions, de-listing, Protiteroristická opatření, finanční sankce, de-listing Pages: 45-59 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=38.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/38 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:38:p:45-59 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helena Bončková Author-Name: Hubert Smekal Title: Fragmentalization of Common Values? Opt-outs from the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union Abstract: Fundamental rights in the European Union experienced remarkable development - from their practical absence, through subtle attempts of their concretization, to the legally binding human rights bill. Respect for human rights is considered as one of the values which is common to the Member States and which the European Union is founded on. In spite of the explicitly proclaimed foundation of the European integration the common understanding between Member States as to the concrete form of the foundation is missing. Three Member States - the United Kingdom, Poland and later also the Czech Republic - has negotiated special treatment in relation to the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union. These opt-outs lead to the reasoned question - why are not the EU Member States able to agree on the common foundation of the European integration? The aim of this article is to draw a comparison between motives of the Member States to negotiate an opt-out from the Charter. Furthermore, the impact of the negotiated opt-outs on the European integration will be discussed, whereas it will be pointed out that according to prevailing legal interpretation of the Protocol the impact of the opt-outs could be absolutely marginal. Keywords: Czech Republic, Česká republika, Protection of fundamental rights, Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, common values, Protocol no. 30, opt-out, United Kingdom, Poland, Ochrana základních práv, Listina základních práv Evropské unie, společné hodnoty, Protokol č. 30, výjimka, Spojené království, Polsko Pages: 61-81 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=39.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/39 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:39:p:61-81 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/39 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aliaksandr Sudliankou Title: Vošta, M.; Bič, J.; Stuchlík, J.: Energetická náročnost: determinanta změn toků fosilních paliv a implikace pro EU a ČR Abstract: Book Review: Vošta, M.; Bič, J.; Stuchlík, J. Energetická náročnost: determinanta změn toků fosilních paliv a implikace pro EU a ČR. Příbram: Professional Publishing, 2008. 173 s. ISBN 978-80-86946- 93-2. Pages: 143-145 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=43.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/43 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:43:p:143-145 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radka Havlová Title: The European Union and the Mediterranean: The Impact of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict on Cooperation of the European Union and the Mediterranean Region Abstract: Mediterranean has always been an area of fundamental interest of the European Union. The dialogue between the EU and the Mediterranean states was institutionalized already in 1995 within the Barcelona process. The Union for Mediterranean represents the most up-to-date initiative of the EU in the Mediterranean. EU initiatives in the region nevertheless frequently fail because of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict which complicates cooperation between the EU and the Mediterranean states. EU is therefore also actively involved in the Middle East peace process. So far the EU nevertheless acted more like a sponsor of the Palestinian Autonomy and did not fully use its options to participate at solution of the Israeli-Palestinian peace process due to the inability to always find a real common policy towards the Middle East. The Common Foreign and Security Policy under the Lisbon treaty should help the EU to speak as a unified actor in the international arena. EU thus will be able to play a more important role in the Middle East peace process and fully use its historic, economic and political relations with both Israel and Palestinian Authority and thus contribute to the fulfillment of the objectives of the Barcelona process and Union for Mediterranean to turn the Mediterranean in a real area of peace, cooperation, stability and prosperity. Keywords: Evropská unie, Evropská politika sousedství, European Unio, Israel, Palestinian Autonomy, Israeli-Palestinian conflict, Middle Eas, Second Intifada, Mediterranean Union, Barcelona process, European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP), Izrael, Palestinská autonomie, izraelsko-palestinský konflikt, Blízký východ, Druhá intifáda, Unie pro Středomoří, Barcelonský proces Pages: 83-105 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=40.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/40 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:40:p:83-105 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucia Hurná Title: Justice and Home Affairs Cooperation in the European Union after the adoption of the Lisbon Treaty Abstract: The Lisbon Treaty represents a major milestone in the evolution of Justice and Home Affairs Cooperation in the European Union (which concerns immigration, asylum, border controls, judicial cooperation in civil and criminal matters and police cooperation). The Lisbon Treaty abolishes the “old” pillar structure of the European Union. Matters which were previously part of the third pillar, such as police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters, will be treated under the rules of the supranational cooperation. This document provides necessary and positive response to the deficiencies and vulnerabilities that characterised the previous system. However, for the new reform is typical the high number of exceptions from the general rules. The aim of this paper is to describe and partially analyse the reasons that have affected a further convergence of the Justice and Home Affairs Policies between the Member States and to provide an overview of the main legislative changes in this area after the Lisbon Treaty came into effect on 1 December 2009. Keywords: European union, Lisbon Treaty, Justice and Home Affairs Cooperation, Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, decision-making process, enhanced cooperation, Európska únia, Lisabonská zmluva, spolupráca v oblasti spravodlivosti a vnútorných vecí, priestor slobody, bezpečnosti a spravodlivosti, rozhodovací proces, posilnená spolupráca Pages: 107-126 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=41.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/41 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:41:p:107-126 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Vošta Title: Common agriculural policy of the EU and their aplication in the Czech Republic Abstract: Agriculture is a sector of material production. Its final product is the outcome of direct human activity in the nature. The agriculture specific is its production and non-production function. The original aim of the agricultural policy of EU was sufficient production, which would increase the living standard of rural population. The current agricultural policy is a more complex system of agricultural production that is competitive on the world market, sensitive to the environment and to the health of the population. The following text defines the objectives and principles of Common Agricultural Policy in the first part. Then it covers the reforms of the agricultural policy from its beginning to the eastern enlargement of EU. The final part analyses the position of Czech Republic with special focus at the financial mechanisms of the Common Agricultural Policy of EU. Keywords: reforms, reformy, Common Agricultural Policy, společná zemědělská politika, Agriculture, financial mechanisms, Zemědělství, finanční mechanismy Pages: 127-142 Volume: 2010 Issue: 2 Year: 2010 File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=42.pdf File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/42 File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2010:y:2010:i:2:id:42:p:127-142 X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/42