Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Homolová
Author-Name: Vít Hloušek
Title: Promoting Local Partnerships on Labour Market in Spain by the European Union
Abstract: The paper deals with the issue of promoting multi-level governance by the European Union, especially within coordinated policies. Using the example of employment policy in decentralized Spain, the authors are examining how the sub-national (i.e. regional and local) actors benefit thanks to the existence of European level of governance. Firstly, the division of competencies between different levels of government in Spain is analyzed. Secondly, the role of Territorial Employments Pacts as a formalized local partnership on labour market specially promoted by EU is explored. Further on the link to European Cohesion Policy is made by quantification of European Social Fund’s resources being allocated to support local partnerships and initiatives on labor market in Spain for the period 2007-2013. Based on the findings, the conclusion draws on the crucial importance of promoting multi-level governance in Europe, most visibly via European Social fund, for efficient European Employment policy, is formulated.
Keywords: Multi-level Governance, European Employment Policy, Territorial Employment Pact, European Regional Policy, European Social Fund, Spain, Víceúrovňové vládnutí, evropská politika zaměstnanosti, teritoriální pakty zaměstnanosti, evropská regionální politika, Evropský sociální fond, Španělsko
Pages: 3-22
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=66.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/66
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:66:p:3-22
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kamila Mouchová
Author-Name: Jan Němec
Title: Variations of €-scepticism: Czech vs. Danish Case
Abstract: This contribution reflects the recent debate about a shift of the European integration towards the so-called fiscal union. “Fiscal pact”, which was negotiated and signed by majority of European Union member states at the beginning of 2012 in order to stabilize the common currency, became the most controversial step of the EU in last years. The pact was not signed by the United Kingdom and the Czech Republic; the resting 25 countries joined the treaty. The authors aim to explore the reasons of different attitudes towards the fiscal pact of governments of two countries which are often considered as representatives of a eurosceptic current - the Czech Republic and Denmark. After an outline of sources and manifestations of party euroscepticism in selected cases, the text focuses on the debate about the attitudes of political elites towards the fiscal pact. The authors conclude that one of strong incentives for positive approach of the Danish government was its on-going presidency of the Council of the EU together with favourable conditions in inter-party relations. Contrary to this, the negative stance of the Czech government is nitrified by an effort of part of governmental parties to profile themselves as active euro-critical subjects on the right side of political spectrum. However, in both cases conflict within governmental blocks did not undermine coalitional loyalty and did not lead to overcoming of government vs. opposition line.
Keywords: European union, Evropská unie, Czech Republic, Česká republika, Euroskepticism, Denmark, Fiscal Pact, euroskepticimus, Dánsko, fiskální pakt
Pages: 23-43
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=67.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/67
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:67:p:23-43
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniela Kurucová
Title: Veronika Fodorová, Martin Grančay, Nóra Szikorová a kolektív: Integrácia západného Balkánu a Turecka do Európskej únie - Knihy 1 a 2
Abstract: Veronika Fodorová, Martin Grančay, Nóra Szikorová a kolektív: Integrácia západného Balkánu a Turecka do Európskej únie. Kniha 1 - komplexný pohlad. Bratislava: EKONÓM, 2012, 305 s. ISBN 978-80-225-3383-6 Martin Grančay, Nóra Szikorová a kolektív: Integrácia západného Balkánu a Turecka do Európskej únie. Kniha 2 - individuálny aspekt. Bratislava: EKONÓM, 2012, 229 s. ISBN 978-80-225-3374-4
Pages: 169-171
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=75.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/75
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:75:p:169-171

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jarolím Antal
Title: Transatlantic Economic Relations - Is the Time for their Resurgance Coming?
Abstract: The economic relations between the EU and the US are considered the most significant part of the global economy. With the size of trade with goods, services and Foreign Direct Investment, the transatlantic space creates a large of added value. Regarding the proximity and historical ties between the regions, one might expect more efficient cooperation. This is also underlined by relatively low tariff barriers (2-5%). However in recent years, trade regulations have become an increasingly complex issue. The elimination of the divergent regulations is seen as possibly bringing mutual profits. In the light of the persisting economic and debt crisis in Europe, together with slow growth of the US economy, the removal of (non) tariff barriers appeals as a no-pain resolution, which might result in the negotiation of a new trade agreement relatively soon. This paper analyzes current development of the transatlantic economic relations with a focus on concrete steps that have been made with regard to the current debates about deepening economic integration between the EU and the US.
Keywords: Transatlantic Economic Relations, Transatlantic Economic Council, Free Trade Agreement, Regulations, Transatlantické hospodárske vztahy, Transatlantická ekonomická rada, zóna volného ochodu, regulácie
Pages: 45-59
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=68.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/68
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:68:p:45-59
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/68

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole Grmelová
Title: Non-contractual Liability of the EU
Abstract: The non-contractual liability of the EU constitutes an obligation on the part of EU to compensate for damages caused by its bodies and/or agents acting within the scope of their official duties. Given the low number of successful applicants, the aim of this paper is to identify the conditions set by the Court of Justice of the EU with respect to the burden of proof to be borne by the applicant in order to prove the causal nexus between the (lack of) action of the EU and the damage caused by a breach of law by the EU. An analysis of these conditions shall be preceded by defining the procedural rules for lodging a claim for damages, i.e. in particular the right to standing, the period for lodging this claim, and its formal requirements.
Keywords: EU, EU, Non-contractual Liability, Burden of Proof, Compensation of Damage, Causal Nexus, Principles Common to the Laws of the Member States, Mimosmluvní odpovědnost, důkazní břemeno, náhrada škody, kauzální nexus, zásady společné právním řádům členských států
Pages: 61-71
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=69.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/69
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:69:p:61-71
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/69

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Karpová
Title: The General Government Debts of EU Countries - Development and Problems from 2007 to 2011
Abstract: Deep general government debts have become a long term problem of many EU countries. Up to now some improvements have been shown during boom cycles or in consequence of extra ordinary circumstances and claims - for example during the euro area accession process. However some really conceptual and systematic changes in fiscal policy of the most deep indebted EU countries have been missing. The balances of general government budgets and that is why general government debts have been reflecting this fact. During the crisis (from 2008 to 2011) the extreme deteriorating situation became so much warning that the attitudes to solving the mentioned problems have changed essentially. The article describes general government debts of EU countries and brings comments to this serious problem as well to its macroeconomic context up to 2011.
Keywords: European union, Evropská unie, economic crisis, growth of gross domestic product, hospodářská krize, bilance veřejných rozpočtů, růst HDP, inflace, míra nezaměstnanosti, general government debt, unemployment, Index of Consumer Prices, veřejné dluhy, General Government Deficit/ Surplus
Pages: 73-100
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=70.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/70
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:70:p:73-100
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/70

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michaela Staníčková
Author-Name: Lukáš Melecký
Title: EU Competitiveness in the World Economy Globalization Process
Abstract: In last few years, the topics about competitiveness stand in the front of economic research. The main reason for its importance is growing requirements for economic activities at different levels. These challenging requirements are caused by globalization processes in the world economy. Macroeconomic competitiveness affects many issues because of an advancing coherence of the world economy. Subsequently, countries must take the necessary steps to ensure a steady, continuing and intensive economic growth. European Union (EU) also faces to challenges of globalization. Competitiveness and needed reforms present the key factors to assessment EU position in the world economy. However, EU position in the world economy depends not only on its internal coordination and organization, but also on its ability to coexist with other integrations of regional or world impact. The aim of the paper is to analyse EU position in comparison with other world centres, i.e. BRIC, Japan and the USA, and to evaluate their competitiveness level in globalized world economy. Comparison is based on the World Economic Forum approach.
Keywords: EU, EU, globalization, Japan, globalizace, USA, Japonsko, competitiveness, konkurenceschopnost, BRIC, World Economy, World Economic Forum, USA, BRIC, světová ekonomika, Světové ekonomické fórum
Pages: 101-122
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=71.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/71
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:71:p:101-122
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/71

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Štěpán Strnad
Title: Crisis of the European Union Legitimacy - No European Demos in Sight
Abstract: The discussion on the relation of the European identity and the legitimacy of the European Union, including the questions of formation of the “Union” demos, or the influence of constructing EU´s citizenship on the legitimization of the European integrating process has already become a permanent component of political and scholar discourse in a wider issue of the democratic EU deficit. In connection with this phenomenon we talk most frequently about its expressions such as the estrangement of integration processes from the public, the low election participation as well as the low level of general civic participation, the technocracy of resolution processes, the weak civil society, the absence of European public sphere, the nonexistence of European nation, the identity in common and others. The article focuses on the sociological level of this deficit, proceeding from the premise that the most urgent problem of the EU legitimacy is not the crisis of the resolution process and the bureaucratization of the administrative apparatus, but the non-existence of the European demos. The aim is to emphasize the importance of the relation of the creation of European national identities, the efforts of constructing the European demos, EU´s citizenship and a difficult process of the legitimization of the European Union towards member states‘ public.
Keywords: European union, Evropská unie, Democratic Deficit, Legitimacy, Identity, Citizenship, Demos, Demokratický deficit, legitimita, identita, občanství, démos
Pages: 123-140
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=72.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/72
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:72:p:123-140
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/72

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ksenia Kostitsyna
Author-Name: Milan Vošta
Title: Shale Gas as an Energy Alternative in the EU
Abstract: Over the last few years, there have been more and more talks about shale gas as a potential competitor for a conventional natural gas. Shale deposits are spread throughout the world. The major reserves have already been confirmed in the United States, Argentina, Brazil, Australia, India, China, as well as in some European countries, especially in Poland, Sweden and Austria. Also it has begun to talk about the “shale gas revolution” which could completely change the world flows of the energy resources, its prices development and quite affect the geopolitics of many regions. Nevertheless the shale gas production is not a simple process and it brings certain problems. Some countries have already banned the application of so called hydrofracturing technology on its territories due to ecological reasons. Moreover, this technology is capital intensive and the cost of shale gas extracting usually much exceeds the cost of conventional natural gas production. The questions, which may occur, are how significant alternative the shale gas can be, whether it can disturb the position of current exporters of a natural gas and what will be geopolitical consequences?
Keywords: energetická bezpečnost, energy security, Shale Gas, Shale Gas Revolution, Legislation, Hydraulic Fracturing, Liquified Natural Gas, Horizontal Wells, Břidlicový plyn, břidlicová revoluce, legislativa, hydraulické štěpení, zkapalněný zemní plyn, horizontální vrty
Pages: 141-155
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=73.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/73
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:73:p:141-155
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/73

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martina Bohatová
Title: The Conception of Swedish Foreign Policy with the Emphasis on Its Compatibility with the European Union
Abstract: Neutrality has changed a lot during the historical development, which is obvious due to a large number of existing definitions. This thesis does not deal with neutrality in juridical sense but it takes neutrality as a political security conception which develops in the context. It addicts Swedish notion on neutrality and its compatibility with the membership in the European Union following the analysis of foreign policy and its changes in the time range 1997-2013. The article tries - based on the analysis of these primary resources - to point out how the Swedish government tries - being afraid of questioning the full participation of Sweden in European Union - persuades that the neutrality is fully compatible with the membership in this organisation. Trying to support this idea, the author often quotes statements of government and gives the readers the unique opportunity to make her/his own opinion on the Swedish approach to the European Union.
Keywords: European union, Evropská unie, Neutrality, Sweden, Foreign Policy, Foreign Statement, Self-restraint, Neutralita, Švédsko, zahraniční politika, vládní prohlášení, zdrženlivost
Pages: 157-168
Volume: 2013
Issue: 1
Year: 2013
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/download.php?jnl=se&pdf=74.pdf
File-URL: http://www.vse.cz/se/74
File-Format: text/html
Handle: RePEc:prg:jnlsev:v:2013:y:2013:i:1:id:74:p:157-168
X-File-Ref: http://www.vse.cz/RePEc/prg/jnlsev/references/74