Acta Oeconomica Pragensia, 2005 (vol. 13), issue 2
Small and Medium Enterprises in the Czech Republic - The Possibilities of Financing their International Business Activities
Eva Černohlávková
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):16-30 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.174 
At the beginning of nineties small and medium enterprises (SMEs) constituted a new phenomenon in the Czech economy. Their role increased during past fifteen years but the development and internationalisation of their activities have been influenced by many barriers. The shortage of financial recourses, lack of experience, information and knowledge were the most important among them. Step by step the institutions and business supporting services for SME were introduced. The financial market development caused the change of the attitude of Czech commercial banks towards SMEs in a positive way. Another reason of this shift is the support the commercial...
Measurement of countries competitiveness: theoretical fundaments and practical results
Eva Klvačová
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):31-48 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.175
Why some countries are able to achieve long-term sustainable growth while the other find themselves in stagnation or even deteriorate their position in world economy? World Economic Forum seeks for answer of this question by the construction of the Growth Competitiveness Index. The construction of this index is established on the assumption that the competitiveness of the country is given by three main factors: the quality of macroeconomic environment, the state of public institutions and the technical progress. World Economic Forum figures out Growth Competitiveness Index every year for 104 countries of the world. The article shows how the index is...
Actual trends in International marketing (selected problems)
Hana Machková
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):49-70 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.177
Changes in international business environment in the beginning of 90ties had influenced marketing strategies of many companies. The main objective of the article is to analyze actual trends and their influence on international business activities. The analysis of the main types of international business strategies is made in the introductory part. The process of the segmentation, targeting and positioning is following. International brand management, the third part of the article, focus on explanation of functions of brands, brand equity and steps in decision making process. The article is concluded by the problematic of E-Business and information...
EU Membership Strengthens the Competitiveness of the Czech Republic
Jiří Malý
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):71-80 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.181
As regards the frequently mentioned risks connected with the EU entry, we feel that the analyzed macroeconomic data do not confirm that these risks have materialized. The example of the Czech Republic, which joined the EU in 2004, conversely points to an improvement of most macroeconomic indicators following the EU accession, and in fewer cases maintenance of the results from time before the membership. After the EU entry the inflation rate is kept on a low level, real GDP accelerated, economic level of the Czech Republic is increasing towards the EU average, the foreign trade records very positive results, the unemployment rate did not increase, real...
Management on Industrial Property in the Czech Republic and the Legislation in the EU
Josef Malý
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):81-94 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.186
Know-how, information, knowledge, trade secrets, industrial and intellectual property, i.e. patents, utility models, industrial designs, trademarks, trade names, appellations of origin of goods and geographical identifications: these terms cover different components of an organization 's "industrial property", the importance of which in intangible economy is well-known. These components require new forms of "management"-with this term covering strategy. They also require expertise with commercial, financial and legal tools to convert them into "accounting assets" and legal objects.By giving them a legal form and organizing their ownership, they...
Selected Aspects of the Development of the Competitiveness of the Czech Republic
Božena Plchová
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):95-121 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.188
The study deals with the Czech competitiveness development and is oriented on selected aspects. It starts with basic characteristics of competitiveness and continues on the analysis of quantitative indicators:- Real Effective Exchange Rate- Kilogramme Export, Import Prices- Export Structure according to High or Low Technological Level.The next part of study deals with qualitative indicators of the Czech competitiveness on the basis of the World Competitiveness Reports (IMD Lausanne).Both analytical parts conclude basic results or trends but not in all indicators definite. Some of hard data, especially of macroeconomic level express...
Venture capital (private equity)
Alexej Sato
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):122-131 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.189
Venture capital represents for Czech economy new financial source of the bussiness activities, still not too frequently used. Poor knowledges of the venture capital, as well as the absence of expeciencies with its utilization, are the reasons of actual situation. Public opinion consider on the one hand venture capital as an important means of growth of the domectic economy, on the other hand as an element operating too closely to the impeachable activities. Pondering upon utilization of the venture capital, the most of the entrepreneuers do not realize the fact, an accession of the venture capital certainly change the basic proprietary relationships...
Multicriterial evaluations of the competitiveness of new EU member-states and the real competitiveness of the Czech republic in international comparison
Jana Sereghyová
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):132-146 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.191
Each year we are informed in the "World Competitiveness Yearbook" , which is published by the International Institute for Management Development in Lausanne, about the bad and/or deteriorating competitiveness of Centraleuropean transition countries, although their export performance, as well as their market shares, are increasing permanently at an above-average pace. We ascertained, that the contradiction between this evaluation and reality is caused mainly by the fact, that among the huge number of criteria, on which the conclusions of this Institute are based, are missing most of the classical, theoretically founded, criteria of competitiveness....
Intercultural Differences in International Business Negotiation and Enterprise
Miroslava Zamykalová, Soňa Gullová, Františka Müllerová
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):147-157 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.192
When entering foreign markets firms should consider the special characteristics of international environment, existing intercultural differences, try to recognize factors influencing the behaviour and decision-making of consumers, managers, businessmen and negotiators. These characteristics and differences must be respected in the process of preparation and application of suitable marketing policy, corporate and personal management and successful business negotiation.
Theoretical premises for the conception of enterprise competitiveness
Veronika Zemanová
Acta Oeconomica Pragensia 2005, 13(2):158-182 | DOI: 10.18267/j.aop.193
The aim of this contribution is to present a brief summary of basic theoretical premises for the conception of the enterprise competitiveness and its marketing environment analysis. So the attention is given to the definition of competitiveness, Porter's conception of competitive ability and competitive strategy and also to his comparison with present-day approaches. Within the framework of the marketing environment analysis of the enterprise I separately deal with the microenvironment and macroenvironment of the enterprise. In the first case I briefly speak about the structural industry analysis, structural analysis inside the industry and portfolio...