European Financial and Accounting Journal 2012, 7(2):7-23 | DOI: 10.18267/j.efaj.7

Hedge Funds and their (Non)regulation

Petr Musílek
Prof. Ing. Petr Musílek, Ph.D. - Vice Dean for Science, Professor; Faculty of Finance and Accounting, University of Economics Prague, W. Churchill sq. 4, 130 67 Prague, Czech Republic;< musilek@vse.cz>.

The objective of this contribution is not only to explain the position of institutional investors on global capital markets, but also evaluate their impact on the operation of financial systems. The core of this contribution is dedicated to hedge funds that in the period before the outbreak of global financial crisis were not subjected to almost any regulation, except for some dishonest practices. Institutional response to the global financial crisis however changed significantly the regulatory-supervisory approach also to hedge funds. The Dodd-Frank Act introduced quite promptly sensitive registration of important investment managers of hedge funds in the USA. At the same time, the new American financial legislation passed the duty for managers of hedge funds and other private funds to keep prescribed records. On the other hand, the European directive on managers of alternative investment funds has a very restrictive nature, because it implements a standard license system, costly internal and external control mechanisms, and increases inadequately powers of supervisory authorities.

Keywords: Alternative investment funds managers, Global financial crisis, Hedge funds, Institutional investors, Regulation and supervision
JEL classification: G23

Published: June 1, 2012  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Musílek, P. (2012). Hedge Funds and their (Non)regulation. European Financial and Accounting Journal7(2), 7-23. doi: 10.18267/j.efaj.7
Download citation

References

  1. Barclay Hedge (2012): Hedge Funds. [on-line], Fairfield, Barclay Hedge c2012, [cited 22nd September, 2012], <http://www.barclayhedge.com/research/indices/ghs/mum/HF_Money_Under_Management.html>.
  2. Brunnermeier, M. - Nagel, S. (2004): Hedge Funds and Technology Bubble. Journal of Finance, 2004, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 2013-2040. Go to original source...
  3. Cifuentes, R. G. - Ferruci, G. - Shin, H. S. (2005): Liquidity Risk and Contagion. Journal of the European Economic Association, 2005, vol. 3, no. 2-3, pp. 556-566. Go to original source...
  4. Claessens, S. - Ariccia, G. - Igan, D. - Laeven, L. (2010): Lessons and Policy Implications from the Global Financial Crises. [on-line], Washington, D.C., International Monetary Fund, Working paper no. 10/44, [cited 22nd September, 2012], <http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/wp/2010/wp1044.pdf>. Go to original source...
  5. Dodd-Frank The Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (2010). [on-line], Washington, D. C. U. S. Congress, 2010, [cited 21st July, 2010], <http://www.sec.gov/about/laws/wallstreetreform-cpa.pdf >.
  6. Dvořák, P. (2006): Finanční deriváty (Financial Derivatives). Praha, Oeconomica, 2006.
  7. Fung, F. - Hsieh, D. A. (2000): Performance Characteristics of Hedge Funds and Commodity Funds: Natural vs. Spurious Biases. Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, 2000, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 291-307. Go to original source...
  8. Garbaravicius, T. - Dierick, F. (2005): Hedge Funds and their Implications for Financial Stability. [on-line], Frankfurt am Main, European Central Bank, Occasional Paper no. 34, c2005,[cited 22nd September, 2012], <http://www.ecb.europa.eu/pub/pdf/scpops/ecbocp34.pdf>. Go to original source...
  9. Gitman, L. J. - Joehnk, M. D. (1990): Fundamentals of Investing. New York, HarperCollins, 1990.
  10. Kirpatrick, G. (2009): The Corporate Governance Lessons from the Financial Crises. [on-line], Paris, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, c2009,[cited 22nd September, 2012], <http://www.oecd.org/finance/financialmarkets/42229620.pdf>.
  11. OECD (2012): Institutional Investors Assets, 2000-2008. [on-line], Paris, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, c2012, [cited 22. 9. 2012], <http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DatasetCode=7IA>.
  12. Private fund Investment Advisers Registration Act (2010). [on-line], Washington, D. C., U. S. Congress, c2010, [cited 21. 7. 2010], <http://www.compliancebuilding.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Private-Fund-Investment-Advisers-Registration-Act-of-2010.pdf>.
  13. Revenda, Z. (2011): Centrální bankovnictví (Central Banking). Praha, Management Press, 2011.
  14. Sias, R. W. (1996): Volatility and the Institutional Investor. Financial Analysts Journal, 1996, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 13-20. Go to original source...
  15. Directive 2011/61/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2011 on Alternative Investment Funds Managers and amending Directives 2003/41/EC and 200/65/EC and Regulations (EC) No 1060/2009 and (EU) No 1095/2010. [on-line], Brussels, European Commission, c2011, [cited 8. 6. 2011], <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2011:174:001:0073:CS:PDF>.
  16. Directive 2009/65/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 on the coordination of laws, regulations and administrative provisions relating to undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities (UCITS). [on-line], Brussels, European Commission, 2009, [cited 13.7. 2009], <http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2009:302:0032:0096:cs:PDF>.
  17. TheCityUK (2012): Global Hedge Funds. [on-line], London, TheCityUK, c2012, [cited 29. 2. 2012], <http://www.thecityuk.com/home/ZendSearchLuceneForm?Search=hedge+funds&action_ZendSearchLuceneResults=Go>.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.