Prague Economic Papers 2009, 18(3):195-208 | DOI: 10.18267/j.pep.349

What Do Productivity Shocks Tell Us About the Saving-Investment Relationship?

Lutfi Erden, Ibrahim Ozkan, Burak Gunalp
Hacettepe University, Department of Economics, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey (lerden@hacettepe.edu.tr; iozkan@hacettepe.edu.tr; gunalp@hacettepe.edu.tr).

This study is a contribution to the empirical literature on the significance of productivity shocks in explaining a high saving-investment correlation, using data from a panel of 21 OECD countries over the period 1970-2003. The study looks at the distributional properties of the productivity shocks in order to test if productivity shocks can relate saving to investment. To this end, we divide the countries into three groups with respect to the distributional characteristics of productivity shocks in each country with an application of the Fuzzy-c-means (FCM) clustering technique. The results provide some support for the productivity shock argument, indicating that the saving retention coefficients are greater for the countries subject to large productivity shocks in magnitude.

Keywords: Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle, Productivity Shocks, Fuzzy Clustering, International Capital Mobility, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Statistics
JEL classification: C23, C40, F21, F41

Published: January 1, 2009  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Erden, L., Ozkan, I., & Gunalp, B. (2009). What Do Productivity Shocks Tell Us About the Saving-Investment Relationship? Prague Economic Papers18(3), 195-208. doi: 10.18267/j.pep.349
Download citation

References

  1. Artis, M. J., Zhang, W. (2001), "Core and Periphery in EMU: a Cluster Analysis." Economic Issues 6 (2), pp. 39-60.
  2. Artis, M. J., Bayoumi, T. A. (1990), "Saving, Investment, Financial Integration and the Balance of Payments." IMF Staff Studies for World Economic Outlook, pp. 19-34. Go to original source...
  3. Bahmani-Oskooee, M., Chakrabarti, A. (2005), "Openness, Size and the Saving-Investment Relationship." Economic Systems 29, pp. 283-293. Go to original source...
  4. Baxter, M., Crucini, M. (1993), "Explaining Saving-Investment Correlations." American Economic Review 83, pp. 416-436.
  5. Bezdek, J. C. (1973), "Fuzzy Mathematics in Pattern Recognition." Ph.D. Thesis, Applied Mathematics Center, Cornell University.
  6. Bezdek, J. C. (1974), "Cluster Validity with Fuzzy Sets." Journal of Cybernetics, 3 (3), pp. 58-72. Go to original source...
  7. Bezdek, J. C. (1975), "Mathematical Models for Systematics and Taxonomy." In: Estabrook, G. (Ed.), Proceedings on 8th International Conference on Numerical Taxonomy. San Francisco, CA: Freeman, 1975.
  8. Coakley, J., Kulasi, F., Smith, R. (1996), "Current Account Solvency and the Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle." Economic Journal, 106, pp. 620-627. Go to original source...
  9. Coakley, J., Kulasi, F., Smith, R. (1998), "The Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle and Capital Mobility: A Review." International Journal of Finance and Economics, 1998/3, pp. 169-188. Go to original source...
  10. Feldstein, M., Horioka, C. (1980), "Domestic Saving and International Capital Flows." Economic Journal 90, pp. 314-329. Go to original source...
  11. Fukuyama, Y., Sugeno, M. (1989), "A New Method of Choosing the Number of Clusters for the Fuzzy c-means Method." Proceedings of the Fifth Fuzzy Systems Symposium, pp. 247-50.
  12. Fouquau, J., Hurlin, C., Rabaud, I. (2007), "The Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle: A Panel Smooth Transition Regression Approach." Economic Modeling,doi:10.1016/j.econmod.2007.06.008. Go to original source...
  13. Glick, R., Rogoff, K. (1995), "Global versus Country-Specific Productivity Shocks and the Current Account." Journal of Monetary Economics 35, pp. 159-192. Go to original source...
  14. Gregory, A. W., Head, A. C. (1999), "Common and Country-Specific Fluctuations in Productivity, Investment, and the Current Account." Journal of Monetary Economics 44, pp. 423-451. Go to original source...
  15. Gruber J. W. (2002), "Productivity Shocks, Habits, and the Current Account." Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, International Finance Discussion Papers, Vol. 733. Go to original source...
  16. Ho, T. (2002), "The Feldstein-Horioka Puzzle Revisited." Journal of International Money and Finance 21, pp. 555-564. Go to original source...
  17. Ho, T., Huang, H. (2006), "The smooth-saving-retention coefficient with country-size." Applied Economics Letters 13, pp. 247-50. Go to original source...
  18. Höppner F., Klawonn F., Kruss R., Rungler T. (1999), Fuzzy Clustering Analysis. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  19. Im, K. S., Pesaran, M. H., Shin, Y. (2003), "Testing for Unit Roots in Heterogeneous Panels." Journal of Econometrics 115, pp. 53-74. Go to original source...
  20. Kim, S. H. (2001), "The Saving-Investment Correlation Puzzle Is Still a Puzzle." Journal of International Money and Finance 20, pp. 1017-34. Go to original source...
  21. Kim, S., Kim. S. H., Wang, Y. (2007), "Saving, Investment and International Capital Mobility in East Asia." Japan and the World Economy 19, pp. 279-91. Go to original source...
  22. Levin, A., Lin, C. F., Chu, C. S. J. (2002), "Unit-Root Test in Panel Data: Asymptotic and Finite Sample Properties." Journal of Econometrics 108, pp. 1-24. Go to original source...
  23. Maddala, G. S., Wu, S. (1999), "A Comparative Study of Unit Root Tests with Panel Data and a New Simple Test." Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics 61 (Special Issue, November), pp. 631-652. Go to original source...
  24. Mendoza E. G. (1991), "Real Business Cycles in the Small Open Economy." American Economic Review 81, pp. 797-818.
  25. Mendoza, E. G. (1997), "Robustness of Macroeconomic Indicators of Capital Mobility." In: Leiderman, L., Razin, A. (Eds.), Capital Mobility: The Impact on Consumption, Investment and Growth. Centre for Economic Policy Research, London, pp. 83-111.
  26. Miniane, J. (2004), "Productivity Shocks, Learning, and Open Economy Dynamics." IMF Working Paper, vol. 88. Go to original source...
  27. Obstfeld, M. (1986), "Capital Mobility in the World Economy: Theory and Measurement." CarnegieRochester Conference Series on Public Policy 24, pp. 55-104. Go to original source...
  28. Obstfeld, M., Rogoff, K. (2000), "The Six Major Puzzles in International Macroeconomics: Is There a Common Cause?" NBER Working Paper Series, Vol. 7777. Go to original source...
  29. Ozkan, I., Turksen, I. B. (2004), "Entropy Assessment of Type-2 Fuzziness." Fuzz-IEEE 2004, Special Session on Type-2 Applications, Vol. 2, pp. 1111- 1115. Go to original source...
  30. Ozkan, I., Turksen, I. B. (2007), "Upper and Lower Valued for the Level of Fuzziness in FCM." In: Wang, P. P., Ruan, D., Kerre, E. E. (Eds.), Fuzzy Logic: A Spectrum of Theoretical and Practical Issues. Springer: Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, Vol. 215, No. 16, pp. 85-105.
  31. Press, H. W., Teukolsky, S. A, Vetterling, W. T., Flannery, B. P. (2007), "Numerical Recipes, The Art of Scientific Computing." New York: Cambridge University Press.
  32. Sproule, B. A., Naranjo, C. A., Turksen, I. B. (2002), "Fuzzy Pharmacology: Theory and Applications." Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 23, pp. 412-417. Go to original source...
  33. Stephens, M. A. (1970), "Use of Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Cramer-von Mises and Related Statistics without Extensive Tables." Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B, 32, pp. 115-122. Go to original source...
  34. Tron, E., Margaliot, M. (2004), "Mathematical Modelling of Observed Natural Behaviour: a Fuzzy Logic Approach." Fuzzy Sets and Systems 146 (3), pp. 437-450. Go to original source...
  35. Zadeh, L. A. (1965), "Fuzzy Sets." Information and Control, Vol. 8, pp. 338-353. Go to original source...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY NC ND 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.