Politická ekonomie, 2009 (vol. 57), issue 2
Articles
Strategie podniku a finanční teorie
Corporate strategy and financial theory
Jan Vlachý
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):147-162 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.678 
The dramatically growing disproportion between the value of corporate assets and market valuation has resulted in a well-researched schism between strategic management and financial theory. Options theory provides a potent tool to resolve this issue. We propose a model which is consistent with both the Resource- and Contractual-Based Theories of the Firm and which demonstrates that corporate strategy can be perceived as a portfolio of embedded and real options. We further argue that embedded options typically serve as hedging instruments for real options which enhances their value and should be a major consideration when assessing the structure and...
Je predpoklad voličskej racionality len mýtus?
Is the assumption of voters' rationality just a myth?
Dalibor Roháč
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):163-176 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.679
This paper discusses recent claims made by Caplan (2000, 2001a, 2001b, 2001c, 2002, 2007) who argues that democracies produce bad policies as a result of voters' irrational beliefs. We start by outlining the motives which led Caplan to amend classic Public Choice in such a radical fashion. We analyse the likely repercussions that his hypothesis might have on the future of the profession. We provide a critique of Caplan's distinction between experts and ordinary people and we conclude by suggesting an important degree of caution in interpreting Caplan's results and in providing any policy advice based on his hypothesis.
Ekonomie bezpečnosti - jsou teroristé racionální?
Economics of security - are terrorists rational?
Marek Loužek
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):177-193 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.680
The aim of the paper is to outline an economic theory of security in international perspective. First section highlights the economic theory of alliances. Second section examines the defence economics. Third section looks at terrorism from rational choice theory point of view. Forth section analyses security dilemmas in the war on terror. Fifth section explores reactions of government policies. Sixth section explains security as a relative concept.
Aplikace mikrosimulačních modelů v osobní dopravě: zkušenosti z ČR a zahraničí
Application of microsimulation models in passenger transport: results from the Czech republic and abroad
Hana Brůhová-Foltýnová
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):194-212 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.681
This paper summarizes recent experience with microsimulation models applied to analyze economic and environmental impacts of transportation scenarios. First, relevant international studies from the European and North American countries are reviewed. Then, the paper introduces a microeconomic model calibrated and simulated for five largest cities in the Czech Republic. This model is the first attempt to apply a microsimulation model in the transport sector in the Czech Republic. Finally, results of simulations of different scenarios are discussed. Model simulations suggest that the increase in the excise tax on fuels is welfare improving. In cities,...
Dopady zdanění elektřiny, zemního plynu a pevných paliv na odvětví OKEČ v české republice
The impact of taxation of electricity, natural gas and solid fuels on sectors of nace in the Czech Republic
Jarmila Zimmermannová
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):213-231 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.682
The Czech Republic has introduced new energy taxation in connection with implementation of the directive 2003/96/EC, restructuring the Community framework for the taxation of energy products and electricity. New energy taxes are imposed on electricity, solid fuels and natural gas, with term of initiation on 1st January 2008. This paper discusses impact of new energy taxation on sectors NACE in the Czech Republic, particularly on prices of production. I have created the simple short-term price model for the Czech Republic, which is based on input-output methodology by Leontief. The paper is divided into six parts. The first part is introduction, where...
Consultations
Genéza teórie ekonomickej nerovnováhy a jej miesto v systéme makroekonomických teórií
Development of the theory of economic disequilibrium and its place in the system of macroeconomic theories
Magdaléna Přívarová
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):232-249 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.683
D. Patinkin and R.W. Clower belong to the first criticists of the model IS-LM, and they have revealed its theoretical weaknesses. It was in the half of the sixties of the 20 century, i. e. at the time when there was nobody to make the effectiveness of the Keynes's policies dubious. These analyses have become a starting point of the theory of economic disequilibrium. It has reached its full development as late as in the seventies and eighties of the 20 century, especially in France. The research programme of the theory of economic disequilibrium is carried out by searching the microeconomic basic points of the Keynes macroeconomics. This proves, that...
Ekonomie a štěstí
Economics and happiness - an overview
Pavel Štika
Politická ekonomie 2009, 57(2):250-262 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.684
In this paper I am trying to provide the reader with a brief overview of contemporary discussion about recently frequently mentioned topic of economics and happiness. In the last few years the number of publications related to happiness from the economic perspective growth exponentially. As the importance of this topic seems to grow significantly, I modestly intend to provide Czech public with a very starting reference point for further research in this field. In the first part I sum up the basic terms of subjective well-being and Easterlin paradox and give an overview of the most striking empirical observations. The second part shortly describes approach...