Politická ekonomie, 2003 (vol. 51), issue 3

Historie časopisu politická ekonomie (část iii: 1963 - 1966)

History of the politická ekonomie journal - period iii: 1963 - 1966

Jiří Řezník

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3):307-327 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.405  

Executive Board intends to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of a Czech professional economic journal by publishing in Volume 2003 articles that will deal with the history, development, peripeteias, twists and turns of Politická ekonomie. Issue No. 3 is focused on the period 1963-1966.

Articles

Rehabilitujeme fiskální makroekonomickou stabilizaci?

Fiscal macroeconomic stabilization: a new era?

Stanislav Šaroch, Michal Andrle, Petr Pavelek

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.408

This article aims to argue with the wide-spread perception of discretionary fiscal policy as a poor macroeconomic stabilization tool, especially in comparison with the contemporary performance of monetary policy. European Monetary Union Member States are hit by the asymmetric shocks or respond dissimilarly to a common shock. This is the strongest reasoning for the rehabilitation of active fiscal macroeconomic stabilization. Prudent fiscal and debt management policies are powerful to mitigate the economic impacts of various shocks at a national level and thus to replace the loss of autonomous monetary and exchange rate policy. The resurrection of fiscal...

Nezaměstnanost a pracovní pobídky

Unemployment and work incentives

Tomáš Sirovátka, Martin Žižlavský

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.409

In this paper we explore how unemployment benefits and other social benefits affect work incentives in the Czech Republic. We test the link between replacement rates and reservation wages taking duration of unemployment into account and we specify validity of the outlined model using replacement rates and reservation wages recognised in the sample of the unemployed. We conclude that replacement rates are high only in case of specific family types (incomplete families and families with children where women have lost the job), low skilled categories of the unemployed. Reservation wages are linked mainly to the economic and social status of the unemployed...

Politicko-ekonomické důsledky chybného pojetí monopolu

Political/economic consequences of mistaken concept of monopoly

Jiří Kinkor

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.411

It is generally established that the concept of monopoly refers to an existence of a single company operating on the relevant market. This interpretation, though commonly accepted and echoed by all textbooks, is incorrect. The fact of being a single supplier is not essential in forming the concept of monopoly. The essential feature of monopoly is not the fact of a single company as such but the fact of the government physical force (i.e. law) mandating the privilege of exclusivity and keeping potential competitors out of an industry. But the defect in traditional conception of monopoly had to wait - until economists invented the theory of perfect competition...

Rok 2002: desinflace v české ekonomice

Year 2002: disinflation in czech economy

Kamil Janáček, Eva Zamrazilová

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3):331-350 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.406  

Slowdown of economic growth occurred as a consequence of overall European slowdown in 2002. The most reliable factor of Czech GDP growth has become private demand of households. The acceleration of Czech economic growth will be strongly determined by the timing and intensity of economic recovery in Western Europe which has been postponing ever since. Strong disinflation processes pressed the inflation rate to record low levels in the history of transition. At the same time, strengthening of CZK continued in the first half of the year with an upturn in mid-2002. Later on, Czech monetary policy succeeded to stop the appreciation, CZK returning back...

česká republika na prahu Evropské unie

Czech republic on the threshold of the European union

Luděk Urban

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3):351-371 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.407  

In the second half of the year 2000 the intensity of the economic integration of the country with EU economies was on a very high level. Czech law system has already absorbed and transposed major part of the acquis and has advanced also in building adequate administrative capacities to implement it. In spite of this several problems and barriers have blocked the road to accession, both on the EU side and on the Czech side as well. In the end the outlooks of the real convergence of the Czech economy to the EU average based on Czech, EU and Austrian calculations are commented.

Transformace, reforma a třetí cesta

Reform, transition and the third way

Jiří Schwarz

Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(3):407-421 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.410  

The command economy that the Czech Republic inherited from the communist system was considered unreformable. It seems as if the social and economic transition of ex-communist countries is necessary for their full inclusion among democratic countries with highly developed market economic systems. No new central European tiger has emerged since Erhard"s reform in the post-war West Germany, since welfare-statism also destroyed a genuine economic transition in the Czech Republic. Influential interest groups were able to interrupt the transition process and to stop it halfway in many areas. Political pressures to bring the Czech Republic closer to European...