Politická ekonomie, 2013 (vol. 61), issue 2
Articles
Teoretické a ekonomické aspekty pojištění vkladů
Theoretical and Economic Aspects of Deposit Insurance
Zbyněk Revenda
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):149-170 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.892 
The paper deals with deposit insurance schemes as an integral part of the present system of the banking regulation. Insurance premiums, limits and the rates of compensation and consequences of deposit insurance are then discussed from the theoretical and practical points of view. The moral hazard of banks and depositors and adverse selection are the main undesirable accompanying effects, which are directly connected with the scale of insurance protection in banks. The European Union unifi es the rules of compensation. However, data analysis shows that there are still differences in the levels of protection because of different averages in deposits...
Dluh nefinančních korporací a ekonomický růst
Debt of Nonfinancial Corporations and Economic Growth
Vratislav Izák
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):171-187 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.893
The recent financial and economic crisis has put considerable strains not only on public but also on private finances. In the paper we analyse the development of nonfinancial corporate debt (measured as liabilities minus shares and other equities) in the time period 1995-2010 for 17 European OECD countries. In growth equations the dependent variable is the growth rate of real GDP per head and forward moving averages of this growth rate. Descriptive statistics reveal that in the examined period the nonfinancial corporations' debt has been rising steadily (first of all in Sweden, the Netherlands and Portugal). The basic estimation technique has been...
Příčiny neúspěchu prosazování sanačních postupů v insolvenční realitě
Reasons for the Failure to Implement Financial Rehabilitation Procedures in Insolvent Reality
Luboš Smrčka, Markéta Arltová, Jaroslav Schönfeld
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):188-208 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.894
The study brings a new approach to the problem of the currently low use of financial rehabilitation methods in Czech economic reality. We examine several aspects of this problem, but consider the main problem to be the fact that entrepreneurial subjects enter into insolvency proceedings with a very small amount of assets compared to their liabilities. In such a situation, however, willingness on the part of creditors to enable reorganisation cannot be assumed - especially given that attempts to revive such a business are in the majority of cases clearly mistaken. Insufficient debtor property is also reflected in the fact that creditors receive satisfaction...
Vliv efektivních daňových sazeb a jejich komponent na přímé zahraniční investice - případ členských zemí EU
Impact of Effective Tax Rates and Its Components on Foreign Direct Investment - The Case of the EU Member Countries
Lenka Janíčková, Veronika Baranová
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):209-228 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.895
The empirical literature generally accepts the influence of corporate taxes on the investment decision of the multinationalities. The most papers usually consider more aspect of that tax then only statutory corporate tax rate. Using annual time series data for the period 1998-2011 this paper examines the influence of EMTR and EATR including their components on the foreign direct investments in the EU Member states. The main aim of the paper is to evaluate which of the selected types of effective tax rates explains the investment decisions of the multinationalities the best. The results show that the commonly used indicators of effective tax burden...
Faktory ovlivňující vstup do podnikání: začínající podnikatelé v České republice
Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Entry: Early-Stage Entrepreneurs in the Czech Republic
Martin Lukeš, Jan Zouhar, Martina Jakl, Petr Očko
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):229-247 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.896
The paper deals with early entrepreneurial activity of individuals. It is focused both on entrepreneurs owning and managing a young firm and on nascent entrepreneurs who do steps towards launching a new venture. Demographic, socioeconomic, psychological and other factors influencing early entrepreneurial activity were analyzed based on data gathered from representative samples of adult population in the Czech Republic in 2006 (n = 2 001) and 2011 (n = 2 005). Unlike some earlier work on the subject, binary choice models were used in order to quantify the ceteris paribus effects of individual factors. Results showed that, ceteris paribus, men, people...
Analýza dopadů regulace v českém elektroenergetickém systému - aplikace dynamického lineárního modelu Message
Environmental Regulation Impacts on the Czech Power System by the Dynamic Linear Optimisation Model Message
Lukáš Rečka, Milan Ščasný
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):248-273 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.897
The paper analyses impacts of environmental regulation on Czech power system. We employ MESSAGE modelling platform to construct a dynamic linear optimisation energy model of the Czech power system. We analyse regulation impacts on fuel use and CO2 emission, fuel-mix and technology-mix, induced investment and fuel and other O&M costs to generate electricity over the period 2006-2030. Negative external costs attributable to endogenously determined new level of air quality pollutants are quantified to make our cost-benefit analysis more complex. Overall, effects of four policy scenarios are assessed, including subsidies for renewable energy, increase...
Discussion
Modely nové Keynesovské ekonomie: struktura, problémy a perspektivy
The New Keynesian Economics Models: Structure, Disadvantages and Perspectives
Jan Kodera, Tran Van Quang
Politická ekonomie 2013, 61(2):274-295 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.898
Though DSGE models have provided very modest macroeconomic modeling results, they have enjoyed some massive support both from theorists and practitioners. To find an explanation for this state, this paper reviews the reasons why DSGE models fail to perform. For this purpose, first we present the opinions of leading American economists on DSGE models before the Committee on Science and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives in 2010. According to many experts in the USA, DSGE models are considered to be one of the main culprits of the recent economic crisis. Then we provide our own analysis where we point to some relevant drawbacks in the models'...