Politická ekonomie, 2001 (vol. 49), issue 5
Articles
Deset let po cestě ke svobodné ekonomice: autorovo hodnocení sebe sama
Ten years after the road to a free economy: the author's self-evaluation
János Kornai
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.330
Ten years have passed since the publication of my book The Road to a Free Economy: Shifting from a Socialist System-the Example of Hungary. It was the first book to offer comprehensive proposals for the postsocialist transition. This article assesses the book as I see it 10 years later.
Vliv vybraných faktorů na vývoj poptávky po penězích v letech 1994 - 2000
Selected factors influencing the money demand development in 1994 - 2000
Josef Arlt, Milan Guba, Štěpán Radkovský, Vladimír Stiller, Milan Sojka
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.331
The paper is focused on selected factors influencing the money demand development in the Czech Republic from 1994 to 2000. The basic theoretical approaches to the money demand issue and the theoretical background of the analysis are described. The multi- and singl-equational models as a basis for cointegration analysis are used. As the main theoretical basis the Ph. Arestis'es model, adjusted for conditions of the Czech Republic, is used. It is confirmed a premise that the money demand development is in the long-run relationship with the GDP growth and interest rates development. This conclusion is valid for balances both in real and nominal money....
Klasická poptávka po penězích ve standardním modelu nabídky a poptávky
Classical demand for money in the standard supply-demand model
Petr Mach
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.332
The quantity theory of money is applied in this article to define aggregate demand as a rectangular hyperbola that describes combinations of price level for different levels of real product with given quantity of money. The real product is measured on the X-axis as a quantity of composite goods. The Y-axis measures the price level, i.e. units of money per a composite good. Demand for money is defined as an analogous situation. The X-axis measures units of money, and the Y-axis measures the
Vliv globalizace na soudobé podmínky podnikání, ekonomiky a managementu
The influence of globalization on present conditions for entrepreneurs, economy and management
Jaromír Veber
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.333
Globalization is a phenomenon which pass through centuries, is contiguous with all spheres of social life of society and in the last decade is perceivable acceleration of globalization process. Globalization is, especially in economic sphere, reality against which we cannot turn backwards or ignore it in any way. Firms have an opportunity to observe and react on phenomenon of globalization (reactive strategy) or actively integrate into globalization processes (proactive strategy). Integration into globalization activities means for firms opportunities but also threats.
Liberalizace obchodu environmentálními službami v rámci všeobecné dohody o obchodu službami
Environmental services trade liberalization within the general agreement on trade in services
Eva Tošovská
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.334
The aim of this paper is to apply the rules and principles of international trade in services - in formulation of the General Agreement on Trade in Services - in the rapidly developing sphere of environmental services. The paper characterizes the development and structure of environmental services, the dimension of the environmental market of EU countries and discusses shortcomings in the existing classification of environmental services. Special attention is devoted to the different forms of private sector participation in environmental service markets. The final part examines the export potential of environmental services in the Czech Republic and...
Rakouská Škola a její kritika standardního matematického přístupu k ekonomii
The austrian school and its critique of a standard mathematical approach to economics
Milan Říkovský
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.336
The main aim is to identify a few of the methodological principles with which most Austrians are in agreement and which are the most relevant to an explanation of the Austrian attitude to the use of mathematics and econometrics in economics. This paper can be roughly divided into three parts. In the first part the author defines the position of Austrian economics in economic theory as such and tries to relate the main methodological principles as subjectivism, individualism and attention on process rather than equilibrium states to the question of the possibility to grasp the economic problems by the use of the methods of natural sciences. In the second...
Consultations
Metodologie Carla Mengera a její interpretace
Methodology of Carl Menger and its interpretations
Marek Loužek
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.335
Although economic theory of the founder of Austrian School of Economics, Carl Menger, is widely acknowledged (marginal utility theory), his methodological writings are analysed less often. The author claims Mengerian methodology brings many valuable ideas which have influenced methodological thought of economists in the 20th century too. The article is primarily concerned with the Menger's main methodological work - Untersuchungen über die Methode der Sozialwissenschaften (1883). Many philosophical interpretations (at most aristotelian) of Mengerian methodology are discussed. The fundamental merit of Menger's methodology is seen in precision distinguishing...
Uncategorized
Úroveň rozvoje a ekonomický systém jako determinanty zaměstnanosti ve sféře služeb
Level of development and economic system as the determinants in employment of services sector
Jiří Kosta
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.329
The paper deals with the impact of the economic development level and given economic system on sectoral structure of employment with special regard to the services sector. It describes the topic on the case of the Czech Republic, or Czechoslovakia. At first, it reviews the employment structure in Czechoslovakia during the period of 1948 - 1983, then in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 1998.