Politická ekonomie, 2003 (vol. 51), issue 5
Articles
Vliv zhodnocení koruny na český podnikový sektor
Effect of czech crown appreciation on czech corporate sector
Filip Novotný
Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(5):661-675 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.419 
The Czech economy was characterized by a high nominal and real appreciation which was caused by great foreign direct investment inflow in 2002. The paper analyzes the effect of the Czech currency appreciation on industrial branches and the industry as a whole using a simple model based on a corporate accounting. The outcome of the model is then compared with actual y-o-y data of non-financial corporations in 2002. There is significant difference between industrial branches in sensitivity to appreciation. Foreign owned branches are able to limit the negative impact of appreciation, whereas the worst situation is in branches owed only by residents and...
Zdokonalené uživatelské signální odhady čtvrtletních změn hrubého domácího produktu České republiky
Enhanced user flash estimates of quarter - on-quarter changes in gross domestic product of the Czech Republic at constant prices
Jaroslav Jílek, Miloš Vojta
Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(5):676-694 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.420
The authors present an algorithm for making flash estimate of quarterly change in gross domestic product at constant prices in the conditions of the Czech Republic. This algorithm is based on monthly/quarterly statistics on the output of individual branches, i.e. on data measuring trends in structured domestic supply. Estimates produced by the Czech Statistical Office and covering six preceding quarters make up the part of history, which the flash estimate is built on. It depends therefore on both the stability of methodology used for compiling quarterly national accounts and the perfection of its application. The authors assume that the innovated...
Přímé zahraniční investice a technologická změna
Foreign direct investment and technology change
Martin Srholec
Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(5):695-713 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.421
Paper focuses on foreign direct investment (FDI) in manufacturing in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia (CECs), where FDI penetration jumped to remarkable high levels in recent years. Foreign investment enterprises are more profitable, export oriented and technologically superior compared to domestic companies. FDI is perceived as a main channel of technology transfer and potential source of spillovers in host economy, though, estimates of technology transfer show mixed picture in the CECs. FDI spurs restructuring and productivity growth in foreign investment enterprises but FDI rather crowds-out domestic companies as spillovers are confirmed...
Daňové zatížení v zemích OECD a v České republice
Tax burden in OECD countries and in the Czech Republic
Ladislav Hájek
Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(5):714-725 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.422
Data on the economic development of OECD-Member countries show that tax structures in all OECD countries are changing, but one constant feature is that the share of taxes in GDP is rising. The aim of this article is to discus the main reasons for the increased tax burden in OECD countries, the difficulties of international comparisons of tax burden, and the conditions for tax burden reduction in the Czech Republic. An international comparison is difficult because national economic indicators can be distorted by methods used for measuring GDP on the one hand and by tax-revenues assessment on the other. For example, some countries' tax/GDP ratios are...
Consultations
Postkeynesovské pojetí nezávislosti centrální banky a fungování komerčních bank
Post-keynesian approach to independence of central bank and function of commercial banks
Zdeněk Chytil
Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(5) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.423
The post-Keynesian approach to the nature of money brings some other conclusion to the monetary policy, independence of a central bank and function of commercial banks. The source money is created by demand of businessmen especially. Loans create deposits, deposits create reserves. Central bank plays two roles: lender of last resort and inflation supervisor. Creditting by commercial banks and their credit policy in post-Keynesian economics is considered as credit rationing. If the role of central bank - lender of last resort - is not connected with changes of regulation, which reduce new practice of financial markets to avoid regulation, the influence...
Uncategorized
Historie časopisu Politická ekonomie (část V: 1971 - 1978)
History of the Politická ekonomie journal - period V: 1971 - 1978
Jiří Řezník
Politická ekonomie 2003, 51(5):611-660 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.418
Executive Board intends to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the foundation of a Czech professional economic journal by publishing in Volume 2003 articles that will deal with the history, development, peripeteias, twists and turns of Politická ekonomie. Issue No. 5 is focused on the period 1971 - 1978.