Politická ekonomie, 2001 (vol. 49), issue 6
Articles
Výzvy nominální a reálné konvergence
Challenges for nominal and real convergence
Oldřich Dědek
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.337
This article addresses the issue of macroeconomic policies in the pre-accession period. The key theme is an assessment of the relationship between the real and nominal convergence of the candidate countries towards the EU. Support for real convergence cannot proceed on a long-term basis in contradiction to the nominal convergence criteria. Despite a renewal of growth in 1999, a whole range of persisting structural problems, chiefly in the fiscal area, confirm the benefit of
Výkonnost a struktura nabídkové strany
Supply-side performance and structure
Vladislav Flek, Mojmír Hájek, Jaromír Hurník, Ladislav Prokop, Lenka Racková
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.338
This paper deals primarily with supply-side performance of the Czech economy. Macroeconomic part of the analysis points out very low growth rate of total factor productivity, as well as high sensitivity of imports to real GDP growth. It also demonstrates
Možnosti měnové regulace z pohledu postkeynesovské ekonomie
Possibilities of monetary regulation in post-keynesian economics
Miroslav Svoboda
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.339
Post-Keynesian approach to the nature of money brings some strong conclusions for the monetary policy of a central bank. Money is created by provision of loans. Loans make deposits. Deposits make reserves, since central banks play the role of a lender of last resort. Banks thus may provide as much of credit, as they want and as is demanded. Money is credit-driven and demand-determined. Central bank has no control over the high-powered money and the money stock. The base interest rate is exogenous, set by the central bank. It does not affect the stock of money but it is fundamentally a distributive variable. Central bank should set its level consistently...
Globální finanční krize: specifické podmínky transformujících se ekonomik
Global financial crises: specific conditions of economies in transformation
Petr Chvojka
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.340
The paper deals with the problem of global financial crises. The author tries to resume and systematize some published reflections on the general determinants of their ignition, course and impacts. As a second step, he applies these problems on the conditions of transforming economies in the Central and Eastern Europe. He is trying to assess and systematize the specific moments and circumstances - mainly of systemic and functional character - negatively influencing the chances of these "emerging markets" to defend themselves effectively against the global financial crises and to cope with their possible consequences.
Vybrané aspekty makroekonomického vývoje v Maďarsku po roce 1995
Macroeconomic development in Hungary after 1995
Martin Srholec
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.341
The article analyses main features of macroeconomic development in Hungary after macroeconomic restriction in spring 1995. Years 1995 - 2000 are viewed as a successful period of accelerating economic growth, high foreign direct investment inflow combined with rising external competitiveness of manufacturing industry, fiscal consolidation and modest external disequilibrium with falling external debt. However, in 2000 a rising inflation and decreasing inflow of non-debt foreign capital are considered as major risks for sustenance of high economic growth in medium term. The limitations of anti-inflationary monetary policy within crawling band exchange...
Consultations
Příspěvek k pojetí a využití aktuální a potenciální konkurence v podnikovém marketingu
A contribution to the concept and use of topical and potential competition in a company marketing
Václav Malý
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.342
In this article is described a relative separated area within the framework of investigating individual behavior of competitors on the selling market of goods and services. The first part deals with the specification of the circle of competitors (criterions of specification), where too narrow, respectively too wide, specification of competitors is described, as well as their negative consequences for company activity. The difference is made between a topical and a potential competition. Main approaches to identification of topical competition are described, namely state economic ones and company ones. The second part deals with the identification of...
Ekonomické myšlení Jana Kalvína o lichvě a úroku
Economic thought of John Calvin about usury and interest
Tomáš Evan
Politická ekonomie 2001, 49(6) | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.343
At the beginning of the text we took into account all relevant biblical sources that until the 16th century played role in considering the compatibility of interest with the biblical message. We also stated important authors that influenced the medieval considerations on this issue. Although the interest was officially prohibited, it was frequently used, especially in connection with loans provided to rulers by strong financial institutions. These institutions took the advantage of their position on the financial market and due to their power also enjoyed immunity to certain religious rules. Strengthening protestant movement together with the economic...