Politická ekonomie, 2012 (vol. 60), issue 6

Articles

Evropská měnová integrace a postavení jejího bývalého hegemona

European Monetary Integration and a Position of its Former Hegemon

Mojmír Hampl

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):707-722 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.873

There is no historical precedent for the institutional set-up of the eurozone. However, it is an arrangement that could not and cannot escape the universal laws and principles of economics. This paper tries to look generally at the consequences of this integration project from the perspective of the former monetary hegemon, Germany, whose hegemony largely ended as a result of the monetary integration method chosen. Those consequences are of course more apparent in bad times than they were in good times. We then specifi cally examine the problem of convergence and divergence within a currency area and discuss the issue of competitive devaluation. In...

Vliv makroekonomických šoků na dynamiku vládního dluhu: jak robustní je fiskální pozice České republiky?

The Impact of Macroeconomic Shocks on the Government Debt Dynamics: How Robust is the Fiscal Stance of the Czech Republic?

Aleš Melecký, Martin Melecký

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):723-742 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.874

This paper analyzes the effects of macroeconomic shocks on the government debt dynamics in an open economy using the analytical framework of Favero and Giavazzi (2007) extended to an open economy. Applying this modelling approach to the data for the Czech Republic, the authors derive some implications for fiscal policy. The modelling framework includes structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model, estimated using short-term identification restrictions, and non-linear specification of the government debt dynamics. The main variables of the analyzed system are GDP, inflation, the effective interest rate on government debt, government revenues and expenditures,...

Vliv zdanění korporací na ekonomický růst: selhání daňové kvóty?

The Influence of Corporate Taxation on Economic Growth: The Failure of Tax Quota?

Igor Kotlán, Zuzana Machová

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):743-763 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.875

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the impact of taxation on long-term economic growth with special emphasis on corporate taxation using alternative indicator of tax burden which is called World Tax Index (WTI). The WTI was constructed by authors using hard data as well as soft data expressing qualified expert opinion gained from a questionnaire survey conducted among tax specialist from OECD countries. It is a multi-criteria index consisting of several sub-indices that deal with different groups of taxes, which are basically consistent with the classification according to the OECD. All the parts are used in further regression analysis to approximate...

Vplyv priamych zahraničných investícií na inovačnú činnosť firiem

The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Firms´ Innovation Activities

Anetta Čaplánová, Rudolf Sivák, John Hudson

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):764-779 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.876

We analyse regional spill-over effects from FDI on innovation activities of domestic firms in Eastern European and Asian transition and post-transition countries. The analysis is carried out using the World Bank 2009 Enterprise survey. We look also at the impact of FDI on innovation activities of domestic firms at regional level. We find the evidence for a non-linear impact of foreign firms on innovation. An increasing regional foreign presence at first reduces innovation activities and then beyond a certain point increases it. This is consistent with the literature which suggests that either effect may be plausible. Foreign owned firms are more likely...

Využití alternativních metod při odhadech stavů a spotřeby fixního kapitálu

Alternative Methods for Measuring of Fixed Capital

Igor Krejčí, Jaroslav Sixta

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):780-800 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.877

The article focuses on alternative approaches of fixed capital measurement. The official direct estimation for Czech economy is based on straight line depreciation profile. This article presents the results based on the application of geometric depreciation profile on appropriate types of assets. Alternative consumption and net stock of fixed assets are presented. The impact on GDP of such changes is evaluated. New model of perpetual inventory method is transformed to Markov chain. Such transformation leads to easy estimation of average age of fixed assets. Such estimation is suitable for asset with short average service lives. The article presents...

Consultations

Podmienky optimálnosti Kuhna-Tuckera v modeloch rovnováhy trhu sieťových odvetví

Kuhn-Tucker Optimality Conditions in Equilibrium Models of Network Industries Market

Eleonora Fendeková, Michal Fendek

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):801-821 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.878

Currently a considerable attention to the subject of network industries is being paid in discussions on various levels. It is understandable as network industries in fact ensure the production and distribution of energy sources which play a key role in developed economies. The discussions are usually focused on the question of reasonable profit of network industries subjects and on the other hand the question of generally acceptable costs. Equilibrium on the network industries market, as well as on any market, is being created based on the level of demand and supply on relevant market. In this article we will discuss the analysis of optimization models...

Reinterpretace změn v sociálním systému v kontextu raně novověkého myšlení

Reinterpretation of Changes in the Social System in the Context of Early Modern Thought

František Svoboda, Vladimír Hyánek

Politická ekonomie 2012, 60(6):822-839 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.879

The beginning of modern times, in contrast to the previous era, is still characterized by a growing importance of labour in human life. The article is focused on the new social policy and the evolution of institutions called workhouses and house of corrections which illustrate the growing meaning of labour. Workhouses, however they were seen as benevolent equipment, they have been strengthened also with practically advantageous symbiosis undertaken principles of mercantilism. Despite the controversial practice of workhouses, we can consider them as the most important stage in the long term evolution of active labour market policy. Labour as a topos...

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