Politická ekonomie, 2016 (vol. 64), issue 8

Vliv korupčního prostředí na efektivitu firem v nových zemích Evropské unie

Corruption and Firm Efficiency in New EU Countries

Jan Hanousek, Anastasiya Shamshur, Jiří Trešl

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):905-921 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1117  

We study the effects of corruption on firm efficiency using a unique comprehensive dataset of private firms from 10 Central and Eastern European countries for the period from 2002 to 2013. We find that an environment characterized by a high level of corruption has an adverse effect on firm efficiency. This effect is amplified for firms with a lower propensity to behave corruptly, i.e. foreign-controlled firms, while domestically-owned firms are not penalized. At the same time, an environment characterized by considerable heterogeneity in perception of corruption is associated with an increase in firm efficiency.

Vývoj mezd a příjmové nerovnosti u ICT odborníků v české republice

Wages Development and its Non-Equality by ICT Professionals in the Czech Republic

Luboš Marek, Petr Doucek

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):922-938 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1118  

This article analyses wages development in the Czech Republic since 2000 to 2014. Analysis is principal focused on ICT Professional's (this group of employees in the economy is split into two sub groups ICT Specialists and ICT technicians) wages and its comparison to the wages in the whole Czech economy. Used data sources were collected by Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic, in the "Information System of Average Earnings" which is harmonized with the "Structure of Earnings Survey" provided by Europen Union. Analysis is provided by ICT sub groups and by gender. For more detail analysis, is also the percentile analysis of ICT...

Akciový trh verzus reálna ekonomika a jej indikátor HDP

The Stock Market versus the Real Economy and its Indicator GDP

Božena Chovancová, Peter Árendáš

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):939-952 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1119  

The idea of a positive relation between the real economy and share markets used to be supported by long-term analyses during the 20th century. As a result, the share market was supposed to be a "mirror" of the economy. The share markets tended to outrun the GDP development by a couple of quarters. On the other hand some researchers keep on pointing at some anomalies in the relation between share markets and the real economy in the short-term to midd-term time horizon in some countries. This problem was fully to see over the first decade of the 21st century that was typical for the changes in the structure of the global economy as well as for the increasing...

Menová politika záporných úrokových sadzieb v eurozóne a Japonsku

Monetary Policy of Negative Interest Rates in Eurozone and Japan

Miroslav Titze

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):953-972 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1120  

Since 2014, European Central Bank and Bank of Japan have entered into the unchartered water of modest negative nominal interest rates, when they broke zero lower bound. Large-scale asset purchases and forward guidance effects are limited by zero nominal bound if yield curve is absolutely flat. Negative interest rate has been implemented with the aim of reinforcing effects of unconventional monetary policy and lowering real interest rates. Therefore, another decrease in nominal yield curve should ensure, that inflation target will be met in a medium term horizon. Main goal of the paper is to reveal implementation, transmission channels and risks associated...

Fundamentální koncept nerovnosti v perspektivě paretovské ekonomie

A Fundamental Concept of Inequality in the Perspective of Paretian Economics

Robin Maialeh

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):973-987 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1121  

Pareto efficiency plays the leading role throughout all branches of political economy. Frequently applied on various economic issues, Pareto efficiency decides on the optimal balance of resource distribution among economic agents. On the other hand, the current state of unequal distribution stimulates new economic researches to bring to light the relationship between market mechanism and observed inequality. The aim of the study is to provide a unique perspective on market-based inequalities which are derived from the self-preserving rationality of agents, and to prove that market mechanism inherently contains diverging forces. Additionally, it is...

Jak měřit prospěšnost růstu pro chudé? Analýza ukazatelů a jejich komparace na případu Bangladéše

Measuring Pro-Poor Growth: Analysis of Indicators and their Comparison Applied to Bangladesh

Jaromír Harmáček, Miroslav Syrovátka, Martin Schlossarek, Petr Pavlík

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):988-1005 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1098  

The paper analyzes the theory and construction of four indicators of pro-poor growth and applies them to Bangladesh over two time periods, 2000-2005 and 2005-2010. The following indicators were used: pro-poor growth index (Kakwani and Pernia, 2000), poverty equivalent growth rate (Kakwani and Son, 2008), poverty growth curve (Son, 2004), and the rate of pro-poor growth (Ravallion and Chen, 2003). Applied to Bangladesh, the results of the four indicators mostly point in the same direction. While the conditions for the pro-poor growth in the strict (relative) sense were rarely met, all the indicators suggest there was a certain degree of pro-poor element...

Brilantní analýza fungování eurozóny v duchu německého ordoliberalismu

Martin Mandel

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):1006-1010 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1122  

Hans-Werner Sinn: V pasti eura; Praha: Centrum pro studium demokracie a kultury, 2016. 175 stran. Z německého originálu Gefangem im Euro přeložil Karel Dyba. 1. vydání. ISBN: 978-80-7325-393-3.

Nejlepší publikace za rok 2015 dle Financial Times, The Economists a skupiny Bloomberg

Samy Metrah

Politická ekonomie 2016, 64(8):1010-1016 | DOI: 10.18267/j.polek.1123  

John Kay: Other People´s Money: The Real Business of Finance; Public Aff airs, 2015. 1. vydání. 352 stran. ISBN: 978-1610396035.1